1-Failure to reach settlement

Question 1

Who were the political presbytarians

Answer 1

Mps who wanted religious reform towards a presbytarian church
ties with the scottish military

Question 2

Who were political Independents

Answer 2

minority
NMA
Levellers

Question 3

What happened after Charles surrendered to teh Scots

Answer 3

he was offered settlements by parl and Scotland
Scotland’s took away less of his powers and favoured religious reformation

Question 4

Why didn’t Charles accept any of these settlements

Answer 4

He thought that his opponace alliance would break down strengthing his bargaining position

Question 5

What eventually happened in Feb 1647

Answer 5

Scotland handed Charles back over to parl.

Question 6

What were the Newcaslte propositions

Answer 6

List of proposals given to Charles in July 1646

Question 7

What were included in the Newcaslte propositions

Answer 7

parl. nominate key officers of state
parl. control malita for next 20 years
bushops abolished and presbytarian church established for experimental 3 years

Question 8

What happened in the wat for Charles response to N propositions

Answer 8

Radical group Levellers advocationg for religious toleration
supported by the NMA
NMA hadnt been paid sent to ireland or kept in england

Question 9

What happened after Parl. disbanded the NMA

Answer 9

Cromwell spoke in their defence
the army politicised and came back as a rival political force
elected their own political spokesman agitators

Question 10

How did the NMA respond to the disbanding

Answer 10

Rode to Holdenby House and took Charles from parl.
Taken to headquaters and set up general council

Question 11

What did the NMA issue in response to their dibandenment

Answer 11

The General council issed a Declaration of the Army
This declared the LP should be purged demanding impeachment of 11 Political Presbyterians

Question 12

What happened to the 11 members

Answer 12

They fled
Then demonstrations broke out and they returned
60 independent mps took refuge w the army
then army occupied london and reinstated the independents

Question 13

How/when did the army try and reach a settlement

Answer 13

2nd Aug 1647
Heads of Proposals
written by Henry Ireton

Question 14

What was included within the Heads of Proposals

Answer 14

Triennial Act replaced with Biennial parl.
Parl. choose officers of state and control malitia for 10 years
Bishops stay but reduction in power, no longer force people to attend national church- religious toleraltion

Question 15

How reasonable was the Heads of Proposals

Answer 15

They were more reasonable than the Newcastle Propositions
Still allowed bishops, kept support
less malitia 20>10
ONly addition was Biennial

Question 16

What did the levellers issue in October 1647

Answer 16

Case of the army Truly stated offered alternate proposals to that if the Heads of Proposals as not radical enough
These were drawn up in a settlement called The Agreement of the people
presented by the agaitors to the general council

Question 17

What was included within the Agreement of the people

Answer 17

MPs be elected in proportion to the population of their constituencies
Existing parl. dissolved in Sep 1648
Biennial parl.
Biennial parl. be the supreme parl. powers to make repeal laws appoint officials and foreign policy

Question 18

When were the Putney Debates

Answer 18

OCt-NOv 1647

Question 19

What were the arguments Putney debates
leveller
Ireton
cromwell

Answer 19

Rainsbourgh. Leveller, led the radicals in wanting religious freedom, annual parl. elected by all males
Ireton, grandee, voters need enough property, prevent easy migration
Cromwell, maintaing civility avoid a breakdown didnt like radical ideas

Question 20

Why did the putney debates end

Answer 20

Charles had escaped captivity at Hampton court

Question 21

What happened at an army muster in Ware

Answer 21

London Levellers arrived with copies of the agreement of the people and urged troops to mutiny
Cromwell rode in to restore order and punish the leaders

Question 22

What was the Four Bills

Answer 22

Issued by Parl.
King to surrender all military power to parl. for 20 years
Crown need consent for military action

Question 23

When was the four Bills

Answer 23

24th Dec 1647

Question 24

What was the Engaement

Answer 24

THE KING SIGNED
An engagement signed with Scotland promising to establish a Presbyterian church in England for three years in return for military assistance
allowed the solem league and convenant

Question 25

When was the Engagement

Answer 25

26th Dec 1647

Question 26

Why did Charles choose the Engagement

Answer 26

It benefitted the king more in was that the four bills didnt.
It gave Charles strength that he could use against parl.

Question 27

What happened in the second civil war

Answer 27

Fairfax had a strong army and put down royalist in the south
Cromwell fought in the north

Question 28

What was the major battle of the second civil war

Answer 28

Battle of Preston in August 1648

Question 29

Why was the war such a failure

Answer 29

Lack of organisation of the king gave parl. time to prepare
Cromwell organised in putting down any royalist uprising in england so support was little by the time scotland invaded

Question 30

What was the aftermath of the conflict

Answer 30

army publish a remonstance to the commons in Nov 1648
written bu Ireton

Question 31

What did parl. send chales as a final demand

Answer 31

the four bills

Question 32

What happened in response to the four bills

Answer 32

king still wanted control of malita discussions of continuted negotionations or not

Question 33

what was prides purge

Answer 33

5th dec 1648
commons surrounded by soldiers from Thomas pride
186 MPs were excluded who supported continued negotiations
arrested 45 MPs who been active in discussions
Left a Rump house of 240, 71 became active in Charles Trial

Question 34

What happened at the trial of Charles

Answer 34

Jan 1649
tried by high court of justice by 135 commissionaires
Charles refused that any court had the right to place the monarch on trial
27th found guilty of high treason
30th beheaded