1. Diagnosis And Classification Of Schizophrenia AO1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is schizophrenia

A

A collection of seemingly unrelated symptoms - there are many misconceptions and exaggerations surrounding the nature of SZ

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2
Q

What is DSM-5

A

One positive symptom must be present (e.g. Delusions, hallucinations)

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3
Q

What is ICD-10

A

Two or more negative symptoms are sufficient for diagnosis (e.g. Abolition and speech poverty)

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4
Q

What is a positive symptom

A

Additional experiences beyond those of ordinary existence

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5
Q

Name two positive symptoms

A

Hallucinations and delusions

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6
Q

What are hallucinations

A

A sensory experience that has no basis in reality or distorted perceptions of real things experienced in relation to any sense

(Eg hearing voices and seeking people who arenโ€™t there)

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7
Q

What are delusions

A

Beliefs that have no basis in reality - they make a person with schizophrenia behave in ways that make sense to them but are bizarre to others

(Eg beliefs about being a very important person of the victim of a conspiracy)

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8
Q

What is a negative symptom

A

Loss of usual abilities and experiences

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9
Q

Name two examples of negative symptoms

A

Avolition and speech poverty

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10
Q

What is avolition

A

Severe loss of motivation to carry out everyday tasks

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11
Q

What does avolition lead to

A

Results in lowered activity levels and unwillingness to carry out goal directed behaviour is

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12
Q

What is speech poverty

A

A reduction in the amount and quality of speech, may include a delay in verbal responses during conversation

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13
Q

What does DSM do in speech poverty

A

Emphasises speech disorganisation and incoherence

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14
Q

What are the 4 key issues in diagnosis

A
  1. Reliability
  2. Validity
  3. Co-morbidity
  4. Symptom overlap
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15
Q

What is reliability

A

The extent to which the diagnosis of schizophrenia is consistent

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16
Q

What is validity

A

Extent to which the diagnosis and classification techniques measure what they are designed to measure e.g. schizophrenia

17
Q

What is co-morbidity

A

Okay currents of two illnesses together which confuse diagnosis and treatment

18
Q

What is symptom overlap

A

When two or more conditions share symptoms, questioning the validity of the classification