1 Definition of the Muslim Problems

Question 1

Who authored the “Definition of the Muslim Problems”?

Answer 1

Robert D. McAmis

Question 2

It states that many Muslims identify themselves by religion rather than as part of the Filipino community, especially those in rural areas without formal education. Educated Muslims are more likely to identify as Filipino.

Answer 2

Congressional Report on the Moro Problem of 1954 definition of the “Muslim Problem”

Question 3

According to Christian Filipinos, what are some of the problems associated with the “Muslim Problem”? (6)

Answer 3

1. Problems include slower development compared to Christians
2. Resistance to government systems like taxation
3. Lack of proper education among Muslim leaders
4. Property ownership issues
5. Historical-political challenges.
6. Problem of understanding the Muslim

Question 4

What does the “Muslim Problem” fundamentally boil down to, according to the report?

Answer 4

a problem of understanding or a lack of understanding between Muslims and Christians, often rooted in prejudice.

Question 5

These studies showed that Muslims were more open to accepting and working with Christians than vice-versa.

Answer 5

studies in Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte reveal about Muslim-Christian relations

Question 6

The survey revealed a dominant reaction of rejection toward Muslims, indicating that education alone did not significantly improve acceptance.

Answer 6

Christian college students’ attitudes toward Muslim Filipinos (conducted in Manila and Dumaguete)

Question 7

• Was perpetuated by Spanish colonial rule and American public policy.
• Perpetuated to this day by ignorant and biased media aided by educated elites.

Answer 7

Christian-Muslim hostility

Question 8

Examples of Christian-Muslim hostility (2)

Answer 8

a. The continuous measuring out of fertile Christian imagination.
b. The use of Moro in a derogatory implication within Luzon and Visayas.

Question 9

refers to the repeated, unfounded characterizations of Muslims based on myths or exaggerated beliefs rather than on reality.

Answer 9

fertile imagination/ fertile Christian imagination

Question 10

Institutions/and organizations that should work to erase the negative image of Muslim Filipinos.

Answer 10

• Educational institutions
• along with churches, media, and civic organizations

Question 11

The Muslim scholar argues that the real problem is not economic, political, or social, but rather the shortcomings in __ itself.

Answer 11

Muslim leadership

Question 12

A microcosm of the so-called Moro Problem

Answer 12

North Cotabato

Question 13

How is the North Cotabato problem a reflection of the broader “Moro Problem”? (2)

Answer 13

1. the national government’s failure to integrate Muslims and other indigenous minorities into mainstream national life.
2. a gap in understanding and a disparity in standards of living between Muslims and Christians in the country.

Question 14

Challenges of the “Muslim problems: A hopeless situation” (3)

Answer 14

1. The Government and its Agencies
2. Christians and Muslims
3. No workable Solution

Question 15

How have government agencies contributed to the challenges of the “Muslim Problem”?

Answer 15

failed to provide effective solutions both in the past and present, with neglect, apathy, and antipathy from officials preventing sympathetic understanding and realistic policies.

Question 16

What mutual challenge do Christians and Muslims face in resolving the “Muslim Problem”?

Answer 16

struggle to recognize their own roles and contributions toward finding a solution.

Question 17

How did the situation of the “Muslim Problem” change in the early 1970s?

Answer 17

first three years of the 1970s – no workable solution had been established.

Question 18

What are the suggested solutions for improving Muslim-Christian relations in the Philippines? (2)

Answer 18

1. “Orchestration” (offered by Muslim writers; alternative solution to integration)
2. A change of attitude from both Muslims and Christians

Question 19

• A suggested solution for improving Muslim-Christian relations in the Philippines
• Offered by Muslim writers as an alternative solution to integration
• Involves accepting cultural and religious diversity and working together for national betterment.

Answer 19

“Orchestration”

Question 20

Suggests that Filipino Muslims and Christians must learn to understand one another, accept one another, and recognize each other’s past and potential contribution to the history, culture, and life of the Philippine nation.

Answer 20

“Orchestration”

Question 21

• Suggests that Christians should not be indifferent towards the Muslims; show respect and be more appreciative towards their custom and beliefs.
• Muslim responsibility for integration.

Answer 21

A change of attitude from both Muslims and Christians

Question 22

How should Christians change their approach to improve relations with Muslims? (3)

Answer 22

1. show respect
2. be appreciative of Muslim customs and beliefs
3. avoid indifference

Question 23

Sociological Disparities in Muslim regions (2)

Answer 23

1. Cultural and religious differences.
2. Engage with diverse Muslim communities and scholars.

Question 24

Conservative interpretations resist change, and viewing modernization as a threat to Islam.

Answer 24

Folk-Islam

Question 25

What is encouraged to address the challenges posed by conservative interpretations in Folk-Islam?

Answer 25

A deeper understanding of Islam, including the Quran, Hadith, and core virtues like compassion, patience, and a love of learning, is encouraged.

Question 26

What societal issue should be addressed within both Muslim and Christian communities?

Answer 26

Exploitation within both communities should be addressed to promote a fairer society.