1. Biological Molecules - Enzymes

Question 1

Briefly describe what the induced fit model of enzyme action is:

Answer 1

It proposes that the active site forms as the enzyme and substrate interact, with the proximity of the substrate leading to a change in the enzyme that forms the functional active site. In other words, the enzyme is flexible and can mould itself around the substrate.

Question 2

Give 2 effects pH can have on an enzyme:

Answer 2

-A change in pH alters the charges on the amino acids that make up the active site, so the substrate can no longer attach to the active site so no ESC is formed

-May cause the bonds maintaining the enzyme’s tertiary structure to break, changing the shape of the active site

Question 3

What are enzyme inhibitors?

Answer 3

Substances that directly or indirectly interfere with he functioning of the active site of an enzyme and is reduce its activity.

Question 4

What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors?

Answer 4

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, non-competitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme at a position other than the active site.

Question 5

What reduces the effect of competitive inhibitors?

Answer 5

Increasing concentration of substrate.

Question 6

What does increasing the concentration of substrate NOT have an effect on?

Answer 6

Non-competitive inhibitors