1. Anatomy: Vascular

Question 1

4 sections

Answer 1

1. Branches of the EXTERNAL CAROTID (commonly tested as the order in which they arise from the common carotid)
2. Segments of the internal carotid (pathology at each level and variants)
3. Posterior collection.
4. Venous Anatomy

Question 2

Branches of teh External Carotid

Answer 2

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Superior Thyroid
Ascending Pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Maxillary
Superficial Tempora

Question 3

External vs Internal Carotid via Ultrasound

Answer 3

Question 4

The bifurcation of the lAC and ECA usually occurs at the level of

Answer 4

C3-C4

Question 4

Cervical ICA has no branches in the neck - if you see branches, they are:

Answer 4

a. Anomalous
b. You are a dumbass and looking at the External carotid

• Remember finding branches is a way you can tell ICA from ECA on
  ultrasound.

Question 4

C1 Segment of IC (Cervical)

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis
Disection: Can be spontaenous (Women) Marffans, Ehlers-Danlos, Horner’s (Ptosis an dmiosis), MCA territory stroke

Pharyngeal infection may cause pseudoaneurysm at this level

Question 6

C2 (Petrous)

Answer 6

Not much going on

Question 7

C3 (Lacerum)

Answer 7

Transfacial approach for exposing Meckel’s cave

Question 8

C4 (Cavernous)

Answer 8

Aneurysms sec to HTN

Development of cavernous-carotid fistula

Question 9

C5 (Clinoid)

Answer 9

Aneurysm = optic nerve compression

Question 10

C6 (Ophthalmic - supraclinoid)

Answer 10

“Dural Ring”

Common site for aneurysm formation

Question 11

C7 (communicating)

Answer 11

Aneurysm compress the CN3(occulomotor) and present with a palsy

Question 12

Lateral ICA Run

Answer 12

CMB: Calossomarginal Branch (superficial / superior terminal branch of the ACA)

PCB: Pericalossal Branch (the thicker vessel bellow the Callosomarginal branch

Question 13

AP ICA Run (Towne’s view)

Answer 13

Also notice the MCA is lateral, and the ACA
is medial.

A1—Vessel from the ICA bifurcation to the
origin of the anterior communicating artery
(ACOM).
A2—Start of ACOM to origin of the
pericallosal and callosomarginal artery.
A3—Distal branches supplying the cortex

Question 14

Segments of the Internal Carotid

Answer 14

Question 15

Acute CN3 Palsy (unilateral
pupil dilation) is caused by?

Answer 15

PCOM aneurysm until proven otherwise

It can also be caused by an aneurysm at the apex of the basilar artery.