1- anatomy of eye and orbit

Question 1

choroid, retina, sclera: order form deep to superficial

Answer 1

retina, choroid, sclera

Question 2

place of production and flow of drainage of aqueous humor

Answer 2

Aqueous is produced by non-pigmented epithelium in ciliary body
Flow: Ciliary –> posterior chamber–> anterior chmaber (around iris)–> trabecular meshwork –> canal of schlemm

Question 3

When ciliary body is either contracted or relaxed describe what happens to:

1. anterior zonules
2. lens: thick or flattened
3. vision (far or near)
4. eye (eye relaxed or accomodation)

Answer 3

ciliary body tense:

1. anterior zonules: relaxed
2. lens: thick
3. vision: near
4. eye: accomodation

ciliary body relaxed:

1. anterior zonules: tense
2. lens: thin/flat
3. vision: far
4. eye: relaxed

Question 4

what is dysfunctional in cataract

Answer 4

opacification of lens

Question 5

2 clinical presentation differences between:
Retinopathy of Prematurity and
Persistent fetal vasculature

Answer 5

Retinopathy of Prematurity:
premature infant, Bilateral

Persistent fetal vasculature:
leukocoria = white reflection from eye, Unilateral

Question 6

What 6 nerves travel in superior orbital fissure (mnemonic)

Answer 6

Lazy French Tarts Sit Nakedly In Anticipation
The order of the nerves passing through the superior orbital fissure from superior to inferior:

L: lacrimal nerve (branch of CN V1)
F: frontal nerve (branch of CN V1)
T: trochlear nerve (CN IV)
S: superior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN III)
N: nasociliary nerve (branch of CN V1)
I: inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN III)
A: abducens nerve (CN VI)

Question 7

What nerves and vessel travel in cavernous sinus

Answer 7

CN: 3, 4, V1, V2, 6

internal carotid artery

Question 8

What structures exit/enter the orbital apex?

Answer 8

4 rectus muscles

optic nerve

Question 9

“marcus Gunn pupil” is a defect where? and how does it show up?

Answer 9

defect in optic nerve or retina

Shows up by decreased pupillary constriction in both eyes when light is shown in affected eye (relative to when light is shown in normal eye)

Question 10

aneurysm of what vessel will cause CN III palsy

Answer 10

Pcomm

Question 11

Argyll-Robertson Pupil:

1. seen in what disease?
2. what behavior is seen in eyes?
3. Where is lesion?

Answer 11

1. syphilis
2. pupils constrict to accomodation but not to light
3. lesion in dorsal midbrain - EW nucleus (pretectal nucleus??)

Question 12

CN III exits midbrain between what 2 vessels?

Answer 12

Posterior cerebral artery (tricky!!!) and Superior Cerebellar artery

Question 13

What is seen in pupils secondary to severe anoxia and indicative ot severe brain injury and imminent death.

Answer 13

bilateral fixed, dilated pupils