1-Acute Eye emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
Conjuctivitis
A
- Viral/bacterial
- sick contacts
- itchy eye/burning eyes
- photophobia/sticky eyelids/discharge
Tx: good eye hygiene
- cool compress
- Abx ointment/drops if necessary
2
Q
Episcleritis/Scleritis
A
- Acute onset/painful/red eye/no discharge
- Normal vision
- Check for connective tissue diseases
Tx:
- cool compress
- artificial tears
- NSAIDS/steroids (after ophtho consult)
3
Q
Uveitis
A
- Painful red eye, photophobia
- Decreased vision
- Cells and flare in anterior chamber
- Multiple eitologies (requires detailed workup)
- Detailed H&P
Tx:
-NSAIDS, topical steroids (after eye consult)
4
Q
Chalazion
A
- stye
- swelling of eyelid
- painful
- obstruction of ducts
Tx:
- warm compress
- Abx
- surgery if needed
5
Q
Dacrocystitis
A
- painful/redness at medial lower eyelid
- involves lacrimal duct
- tearing/focal discharge
- staph/strep bacteria
Tx:
- Abx (augmentin)
- hospitalize if sick
6
Q
Dacroadenitis
A
- unilateral pain and swelling
- involves lateral upper eyelid
- tearing and discharge
Tx:
- Abx (augmentin)
- if severe, admit
7
Q
Pre-septal cellulitis
A
- involves eyelids
- bacterial infx
- fever, painful
- EOM intact, no pain w/ eye movement
- staph/strep
Tx:
- Abx
- close ophtho follow up
8
Q
Orbital cellulitis
A
- worse infx
- red eye/painful/headache
- diplopia
- fever, leukocytosis
Tx:
- admit for IV Abx
- vancomycin + rocephin
- LP if necessary
9
Q
Corneal Abrasion
A
- Abrasion of cornea
- very painful
- multiple causes
- vision may or may not be affected
- fluorescein dye
Tx:
- pain meds
- topical eye ointment
10
Q
Contact lens
A
- tight lens syndrome
- hypersensitivity reaction to lens/solution
- corneal infiltrate
- corneal ulceration
Tx:
-do not wear contact lens
11
Q
CRAO
A
- painless
- acute vision loss
- d/t emboli
- consider other risk factors
Tx: reduce IOP
- ocular massage/anterior paracentesis
- acetazolamide
12
Q
CRVO
A
- painless loss of vision
- unilateral
- cotton wool spots/disc edema/hemorrhage
Tx: treat underlying med condition
- Aspirin
- Reduce IOP
13
Q
Acute angle closure glaucoma
A
- very painful
- vision loss/fixed mid-dilated pupil
- N/V, headache
- unilateral
- steamy cornea
Tx:
- pain meds/acetazolamide/mannitol
- decrease IOP/supportive care
14
Q
Hyphema
A
Find the etiology:
- anticoagulants
- sickle cell
- hemophiliacs/thrombocytopenia
- vision loss depends on the amount of blood
- HOB elevated
- find the underlying etiology
Tx: avoid ASA/NSAIDS
15
Q
Retinal Detachment
A
- “curtain coming down”
- not painful
- unilateral vision loss
- multiple etiologies
Tx: treat underlying etiology
