1 Flashcards
coming up
be coming up
to be going to happen soon:
With Christmas coming up, few people have much money to spare.
exhibit
1[intransitive and transitive] to show something in a public place so that people can go to see it
SYN show
Her paintings have been exhibited all over the world.
plenty
a large quantity that is enough or more than enough:
plenty of
Make sure she gets plenty of fresh air.
No need to hurry – you’ve got plenty of time.
since
Ali’s work may be unfamiliar to you since she’s a relatively young artist
sum up
1to give the main information in a report, speech etc in a short statement at the end
SYN summarize
Gerald will open the debate and I will sum up.
Who can just sum these up
Depict
to describe something or someone in writing or speech, or to show them in a painting, picture etc:
a book depicting life in pre-revolutionary Russia
depict somebody/something as something
The god is depicted as a bird with a human head.
—depictiondɪˈpɪkʃən noun[uncountable and countable]
thickly
1in a way that makes a thick piece or layer of something
OPP thinly
The cheese was sliced thickly.
a thickly carpeted hallway
Brush
➔ hairbrush,
nailbrush,
paintbrush,
toothbrush
Canvas
a painting done with oil paints, or the piece of cloth it is painted on:
The gallery has a canvas by Paul Cézanne.
‘Four Women on a Bench’, oil on canvas, 1991
rough
having an uneven surface
OPP smooth
Her hands were rough from hard work.
the rough terrain at the base of the mountains
Scene
part of a play during which there is no change in time or place:
Hamlet, Act 5, Scene 2
the opening scene
close
1near not far from someone or something
SYN near
If you need to buy bread or milk, the closest shop is about a mile away.
stress
1to emphasize a statement, fact, or idea:
stress that
The report stressed that student math skills need to improve.
bleak
2cold and without any pleasant or comfortable features:
a bleak January afternoon
The landscape was bleak.
broad
1wide a road, river, or part of someone’s body etc that is broad is wide
OPP narrow
➔ breadth:
We went along a broad passage.
He was six feet tall, with broad shoulders.
six feet / three metres etc broad
The room is three metres long and two metres broad.
Blurry,blur
—blurry adjective:
a few blurry photos of their holiday
The street lights were blurred by the fog. Many of the details in the picture are blurred.
pinkish
COLOURS
slightly pink:
the pinkish glow of the fire
fence
old farmhouses and fenced gardens
Barbed wire fence
foreground
1the foreground the part of the view in a picture or a photograph that is closest to you when you are looking at it
OPP background
There were three figures in the foreground.
Somehow
1in some way, or by some means, although you do not know how:
Don’t worry, we’ll get the money back somehow.
Somehow, I managed to lose my keys.
Maybe we could glue it together somehow or other.
2for some reason that is not clear to you or that you do not understand:
Somehow, I just don’t think it’ll work.
remind
remind somebody about something
The girls constantly had to be reminded about their chores.
remind somebody to do something
Remind me to buy some milk tonight.
town
I walked to the nearest town.
sold
Sell
Bought
Buy
Posture
1[uncountable and countable] the way you position your body when sitting or standing:
good / bad etc posture
Poor posture can lead to muscular problems.
her upright posture
2[singular] the way you behave or think in a particular situation:
posture towards
He tends to adopt a defensive posture towards new ideas.
Surround
1[usually passive] to be all around someone or something on every side:
be surrounded by something
The field was surrounded by trees.
He glared at the people who surrounded the tent.
2be surrounded by somebody / something to have a lot of a particular type of people or things near you:
He’s always been surrounded by people who adore him.
3if police or soldiers surround a place, they arrange themselves in positions all the way around it:
Armed police surrounded a house in the High Street.
wrap up
Wrap
wrap something in something
The present was beautifully wrapped in gold paper.
blanket
2[singular] a thick covering or area of something:
blanket of
The hills were covered with a blanket of snow.
chaotic
a chaotic situation is one in which everything is happening in a confused way:
a chaotic mixture of images
vibrant
1full of activity or energy in a way that is exciting and attractive
SYN lively
Hong Kong is a vibrant, fascinating city.
She was sixteen, young and vibrant.
2
VISUALCOLOURS
a vibrant colour is bright and strong:
a painting full of vibrant reds and blues
—vibrancy noun[uncountable]
—vibrantly adverb
accessible
1a place, building, or object that is accessible is easy to reach or get into
OPP inaccessible
The island is only accessible by boat.
4a book, poem, painting etc that is accessible is easy to understand and enjoy:
accessible to
He wants his music to be accessible to everyone.
Convince
1to make someone feel certain that something is true:
Her arguments didn’t convince everyone, but changes were made.
Persuade
adj confident
n. Confidence
discourage
OPP. encourage
Syn. Demoralize
discourage somebody from doing something
My father is a lawyer, and he discouraged me from entering the field.
canyon
NATURE
a deep valley with very steep sides of rock that usually has a river running through it
Canyon trail
thought
Past tense of think
SYN idea
It’s an interesting thought.
The thought that I might not have a job next year is a bit troubling.
southwestern
GEOGRAPHY
in or from the southwest part of a country or area:
southwestern Colorado
wisdom
A man of great wisdom
Conventional wisdom
خرد
refinement
1[countable] an improvement, usually a small one, to something:
The new model has a number of refinements.
grain
Grain of rice
archaeology
ARCHAEOLOGY
the study of ancient societies by examining what remains of their buildings, graves, tools etc
—archaeologicalˌɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪkəl◂ $ ˌɑːrkiəˈlɑː- adjective:
an archaeological site
—archaeologically-kli adverb
soot
TECHNOLOGYDAILY LIFE
black powder that is produced when something is burned
—sooty adjective
As
It’s not as
rodent
ANIMALS
any small animal of the type that has long sharp front teeth, such as a rat or a rabbit
جونده
habitat
the natural home of a plant or animal:
watching monkeys in their natural habitat
The grassland is an important habitat for many wild flowers.
hibernate
ANIMALS
if an animal hibernates, it sleeps for the whole winter
—hibernationˌhaɪbəˈneɪʃən $ -bər- noun[uncountable]
reside
formal to live in a particular place:
He spent most of his time in Rutherglen, where his family resided.
1to be present in or consist of something:
Joe’s talent resides in his storytelling abilities.
mating
ANIMALSSOCIETY
sex between animals:
the mating season
mate with
It’s quite common for male birds to mate with several females.
frost
very cold weather, when water freezes:
late / early / first frost
Even in May we can sometimes get a late frost.
Territorial
1related to land that is owned or controlled by a particular country:
a territorial dispute
territorial claims
ادعائ ارضي
Loner
someone who prefers to be alone or who has no friends:
Ken’s always been a bit of a loner.
Impersonal
1not showing any feelings of sympathy, friendliness etc:
Business letters do not have to be impersonal and formal.
Sometimes she seems a very impersonal, even unkind, mother.
excess
2in excess of something more than a particular amount:
The car reached speeds in excess of 100 miles per hour.
modest
Not big
Modest income
Not proud
You’re too modest
OPP immodest
