1. Flashcards

1
Q

inherited vs aquired

A

inherited: genes
aquired: overcrowding in womb, lack of folic acid

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2
Q

bones of hard palate

A
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3
Q

parts of soft palate

A
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4
Q

blood supply to palate

A

the major palatine does not have vein with it- because there is a venous plexus

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5
Q

why do you have problems with flaps in hard palete

A

no vein with major palatine artery
only venous plexus

  • blood goes into flap but not out
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6
Q

what can cause aquired cleft palete

A

stress
lack of folic acid
steroids
overcrowding

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7
Q

primary palate is made of

A

lip and most rostral hard palate

  • cleft lip (lip and rostral palate)
  • hare lip (lip defect only, usually one sided)
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8
Q

secondary palate is made from

A

hard and soft palate

  • hard palate: midline cleft
  • soft palate: midline, unilateral, hypoplasia/aplasia- uvua like redudant/hanging)
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9
Q

how to get palate defect after birth

A
  • chronic infection- servere dental disease, osteomyelitis
  • trauma
  • cancer
  • sugery
  • radiation
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10
Q

clinical sings for hard and soft palate defects

A
  • Difficulty nursing, nasal reflux
  • Nasal discharge, sneezing, rhinitis, tonsillitis
  • Coughing, gagging, aspiration pneumonia
  • Poor weight gain and general unthriftiness
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11
Q

how to repair oronasal fistula

A
  • usually from dental disease (canine tooth)
  • remove defect- expose healthy tissue
  • make buccal/labial mucosa flap over defect with tension reliving by dissecting periosteum
  • make base of flap wider then edge
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12
Q

why use overlapping flap

A
  • Less tension on suture line
  • Suture line not located directly over the defect
  • Large opposing connective tissue surfaces
  • Preferred for congenital primary and secondary palate defects and various acquired defects
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13
Q

how to do midline repair with overlapping flap

A

conserve accessory and major palatine artery from flap that is getting flipped over

  • exposes bone
  • done at 4 months- still growing, bone might slow done growth
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14
Q

how to do midline defect with medially positioned flap

A
  • has more tension on suture lines

when to use

  • for traumatic cleft palate
  • Very narrow congenital cleft palate
  • Soft palate clefts
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15
Q

when to use medially positioned flap technique

A

when to use

  • for traumatic cleft palate
  • Very narrow congenital cleft palate
  • Soft palate clefts
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16
Q

how to do medially positioned flap technique for hard and soft palate

A
  • repair up to caudal pole of tonsils
  • no releasing incisons for soft palate- closed in two layers (nasopharyngeal then oralpharyngeal)
17
Q

how to repair unilateral soft palate defect

A
  • remove tonsil
  • extend incision
  • suture
18
Q

do you use antibiotics for palate surgery

A

not usually

  • can use for stomatitis, necrosis, eosinophillia