1 Flashcards
What skin side effects can lithium cause?
- Acne
- Psoriasis
- Alopecia
What’s the difference between attachment and bonding
Attachment- emotional dependence of infant on its mother
Bonding - mother’s feelings for infant
best test for Huntington’s
PCR (to examine trinucleotide repeats)
which frontal lobe region causes personality characteristics of being profane, irritable, irresponsible?
orbitofrontal
which frontal lobe region causes apathy?
medial frontal lesion
Difference of cohort versus case control study
Case control study - Start with an outcome and go back in time to study the risk factor.
Cohort study - Start with risk factor and see who developed the disease and who did not.
What is this: mental confusion, opthalmolpegia, gait ataxia
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Where are the lesions in Wernicke’s encephalopathy
microhemorrhages in periventricular gray matter around aqueduct of 3rd and 4th ventricles
Can lithium be given with MAOIs?
Yes
Can meperidine be given with MAOIs?
no
How long of a washout of SSRIs before giving MAOIs
14 days (28 for fluoxetine)
What is the inheritance pattern of Hungtinton’s
Autosomal dominant
Difference of primary vs secondary vs tertiary prevention
Primary - prevent onset of dz
Secondary - identify dz in early stages
Tertiary - reduce deficits of dz in later stages to prevent dysfunction
Which neuromuscular dz associated with small cell lung cancer?
Lambert Eaton
what degenerates in ALS
upper and lower motor neuron cells (anterior horn cells)
what is 1st and 2nd line tx for absence seizures
1st - ethosuximide
2nd - depakote
time criteria for insomnia disorder
3 nights/week for 3 months
Tuberous sclerosis charactersitcs
seizures, retardation, behavioral problems, cutaneous lesions (ash leaf, shagreen spots), retinal hemorrhages
Memantine MOA
NMDA antagonist
do antipsychotics and ritalin increase or decrease TCA concentration?
increase
Gerstmanns syndrome is a lesion where?
left parietal lobe damage
classic tetrad of Gerstmann’s syn
acalculia, agraphia, right and left confusion, finger agnosia
Can EEG have spontaneous activity in brain death?
Apparently yes
Test for myasthenia gravis
Edrophoniium chloride (Tensilon)
Gower’s maneuver seen in
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
classic picture of giant cell arteritis ((vascuitis)
new onset HA, fever, nightsweats, weight loss, jaw claudication, polymalgia rheumatica (25%) in older women. Retinal artery occlusion can happen
test for giant cell arteritis
serum ESR
MAOI washout period for bupropion
14 days
can you combine lithium and MAOI?
yes
older person gets prescribed SSRI and develops disorientation, nausea, weakness. What’s happened?
SIADH
Sleep patterns in depression on EEG
shortened REM latency
increased REM density
decreased IV sleep
most significnt genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s dz
homozygosity for inheritance of E4 allele of apo E (chrom 19)
female orgasmic disorder is absence of orgasms what % of the time?
75-100%
which anticonvulsant causes hirsutism, facial dysmorphism, gingival hypertropy, and cerebellar atrophy (ataxia)
phenytoin
xyrem treatment for
cataplexy associated with narcolepsy (analogue of date rape drug)
chronic fatigue syndrome timeline
fatigue for over 24 hrs for 6 months
4 Piaget stages
1) sensorimotor
2) perioperational
3) Concrete operations
4) formal operations
What Piaget stage is conservation?
concrete
What Piaget stage is object permanence
Sensorimotor
short palpebral fissures a result of what
fetal alcohol syndrome or William syn
At what age would child tolerate mother’s absence without distress in secure attachment?
25 months
What age is stranger anxiety
8 months-2 years
Which MAOI works on MAOB at lower doses?
Selegeline
Pergolide MOA and use
dopamine agonist - used in Parkinson’s
What’s the only atypical antipsychotic that blocks serotonin and NE reuptake and blocks 5HT 1A receptor?
Ziprasione
difference of effect of right versus left prefrontal cortex on mood
left activated - elevate mood (lesion–> depression)
right activated - depressed mood (lesion –> euphoria)
most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage
HTN
type I error
null hypothesis was rejected when it should have been retained (difference only exists due to chance, false positive)
type 2 error
null hypothesis retained when it should have been rejected (false negative)
What is the probability of finding the difference between 2 samples
power
PCP can be found in urine for how long?
till 8 days
Cocaine can be found in urine for how long?
8 hrs
heroin can be found in urine for how long?
72 hrs
test of choice to diagnosed CJD?
LP and CSF assay for 14-3-3- and tau proteins
What eye finding found in schizophrenia
abnormal smooth pursuit and saccades
which mental health disorder has highest prevalence
anxiety disorders
biggest comorbidity with gambling d/o
MDD
which drug can cause dementia
inhalants
LSD MOA
partial agonist at postsynaptic serotonin receptors
which mental health disorder is most likely to be violent?
substance abusers
what’s a characteristic of NF-2 but not NF-1
bilateral schwannomas
