1/13 Flashcards
R thoracic scoliosis
L shoulder low, R shoulder high
R scapula prominent
L hip high, R hip low
where is hyaline cartilage found? vascularity? nerves?
anterior ends of ribs, in the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, and on the articulating surfaces of bones.
no nerves
no blood vessels
what direction glide on distal radioulnar to increase supination?
posterior
Radius - concave ulnar notch articulates with
Ulna - convex head
what pathology and intervetion?
ankle pain after rolled ankle yesterday playing soccer
- antalgic gait pattern
- significant swelling on the lateral aspect of the ankle
- tenderness along the anterior aspect of the lateral malleoli
- positive medial talar tilt test
Grade I lateral ankle sprain- CFL
use external ankle support and progressive weight-bearing
what diagnosis is HLA-B27 antigen related to?
ankylosing sponydilitis
what pathology?
- slowly progressive enlargement and deformity of multiple bones
- focal disorder of accelerated skeletal remodeling that may affect one or more bones.
paget’s disease
what pathology?
- joint condition in which bone underneath the cartilage of a joint dies due to lack of blood flow
- cartilage can then break loose, causing pain and possibly hindering joint motion
Osteochondritis dissecans
what pathology?
- softening of your bones, most often caused by severe vitamin D deficiency
- in children causes bowing during growth esp WB legs
- in adults causes fractures
osteomalacia
what pathology?
infectious process of the bone and marrow
osteomyelitis
what hip muscle weakness linked to hip OA?
hip abductors
what are actions of sartorius
flexes, externally rotates, and abducts the hip joint
flex the leg; when the knee is flexed, sartorius medially rotates the leg
according to ottawa ankle rule - when is ankle Xray required?
- for Patients ≥2 years old with ankle or midfoot pain/tenderness in the setting of trauma.
Bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the lateral malleolus (3cm above/below) - palpate entire 6cm
OR
Bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the medial malleolus (3cm above/below)
OR
An inability to bear weight both immediately and in the emergency department for four steps, limping counts as walking
according to ottawa ankle rule - when is foot Xray required?
- for Patients ≥2 years old with ankle or midfoot pain/tenderness in the setting of trauma.
Bone tenderness at the base of the fifth metatarsal
OR
Bone tenderness at the navicular
OR
And inability to bear weight both immediately and in the emergency department for four steps, limping counts as walking
cervical facet angle? what movements available? what movements open/close the joint? what movements are coupled?
45 degrees; frontal plane;
all movements are possible such as flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation.
superior facet- face posterior and up and the inferior articulating processes facing anteriorly and down.
open - flexion, contra sidebend
close - extension
coupled - side bending is coupled with axial rotation in the same direction
thoracic facet angle? what movements available? what movements open/close the joint? what movements are coupled?
60° to the transverse plane and 20° to the frontal plane
lateral flexion and rotation (no flexion/extension)
superior facets facing posterior and a little up and laterally and the inferior facets facing anteriorly, down, and medially
upper thoracic coupled - side bending is coupled with axial rotation in the same direction
middle and lower thoracic coupling pattern is inconsistent
lumbar facet angle? what movements available? what movements open/close the joint? what movements are coupled?
90 degrees to the transverse plane and 45° to the frontal plane
only flexion and extension.
superior facets face medially, and the inferior facets face laterally
coupled -
1) lateral bending then 2) axial rotation in the same direction
1) axial rotation then 2) lateral bending in the opposite direction
D1 or D2 best encourages normal gait?
D1
hip flexion, abduction, and knee flexion.
cause of significant posterior trunk lean during intial contact?
weak glute max decrease the flexion movement created at the hip at initial contact.
decreased hip flexion strength, ROM
post ACL what movements put most stress on ACL?
Open-chain
knee extension between 0° and 40° puts the most stress through the ACL.
what surgery is this used for?
risser classification used to grade skeletal maturity on the level of ossification and fusion of the iliac crest apophyses
scoliosis correction
what measures degree of side-to-side spinal curvature in scoliosis?
cobb angle
precautions post posterior approach THA
- > 90% flexion at the hip
- Adduction past midline
- IR/ER
- Active abduction (cut through glute med)
precautions post anterolateral/lateral approach THA
- Extension
* ER
interventions for acute phase TMJ inflammation
Gentle mobilizations
patient education on posture, a soft food diet
ice
what tendons are borders of anatomical snuffbox?
Ulnar (medial) border: Tendon of the extensor pollicis longus.
Radial (lateral) border: Tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus.
exophthalmos is linked to what disease?
bulging eyes
bilateral - graves disease
unilateral - orbital tumor
what is medial talar tilt test? how is it performed? what does it test for?
aka inversion stress maneuver
for CFL injury
patient supine or sidelying, with the foot relaxed. flex knee to relax gastrocnemius. tilted talus from side to side into adduction and abduction. compare to contralateral side. normal 0-23deg.
+ if one side does not have firm end feel compared to other side
cardiac rehab phase 1 - stop exercise
- HR >130…or >20bpm above resting HR for post MI…or >30bpm above resting for post surgical (CABG, etc)
- DBP > or = to 110
- decrease in SBP >10
- significant ventricular or atrial dysrhythmias
- 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
- Signs/symptoms of angina, marked dyspnea, & ECG changes suggestive if ischemia
contraindication to manual lymph drainage
don’t want to spread - acute infection (cellulitis), acute DVT, malignancies
body cannot handle fluid/pressure changes - renal failure, cardiac edema
