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Immunology > 09.17.18 Virus Families > Flashcards

09.17.18 Virus Families Flashcards

1
Q

What are key points about viruses?

A
  1. obligate intracellular parasites (can only replicate inside a host)
  2. Enveloped or naked
  3. RNA or DNA
  4. Virus life cycle= targets for antiviral therapy
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2
Q

What is the generic virus life cycle?

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Entry
  3. Uncoating
  4. Synth of protein and nucleic acid
  5. Assembly
  6. Release
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3
Q

What are important structures in a virus?

A
  1. Virion (whole thing)
  2. Envelope (some have this with glycoprotein)
  3. Capsid (protein coat)
  4. Nucleocapsid (coat surrounding the genome)
  5. Capsomere (subunit)
  6. Genome
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4
Q

The function of this virus structure is to:

  • protect viral nucleic acid
  • interact specifically with viral nucleic acid for packaging
  • interact with host receptors for entry to cell
  • allow for release of nucleic acid upon entry
  • assist in gene regulation
A

Capsid

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5
Q

What kind of shape do virus protein coats allow for?

A

Icosahedral- spherical

Helical- rod shaped

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6
Q

Are RNA or DNA viruses more prone to errors?

A

RNA

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7
Q

What viruses are included in herpesviruses?

A
  1. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1)
  2. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2)
  3. Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
  4. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  5. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
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8
Q

What type of genome, shape, and latency does herpesvirus have?

A

Genome- dsDNA
Shape- icoshedral
Latency- Yes

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9
Q
  • primary infection: gingivostomatitis (mouth) or genital herpes
  • infection via direct contact
  • reactivation: “cold sore” or genital herpes
  • multiple other disease processes (encephalitis, hepatitis)
A

HSV-1, HSV-2

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10
Q
  • primary infection: chickenpox
  • reactivation: shingles
  • Varicella more contagious; zoster only by contact
  • Varicella–> superinfection
A

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)

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11
Q
  • asymptomatic, can be “infectious mono”

- Congenital infection, in immunocompromised

A

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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12
Q
  • infectious mononucleosis
  • complications varied- hep
  • conseq. in immunocompromised
A

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

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13
Q
  • Orthomyxovirus Group
  • -ssRNA in SEGMENTS
  • cause of upper resp disease/pneumonia
  • subtype name based on envelope hemagglutin and neutraminidase (H1N1)
A

Influenza A Virus

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14
Q

How do segmented viruses replicate?

A

Budding

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