091614 dermis

Question 1

roles for the ECM of the dermis

Answer 1

supports cells in the dermis

regulates cell fxn

Question 2

ECM of dermis has

Answer 2

made of collagen, elastic fibers, extrafibrillar matrix

Question 3

main component of dermis

Answer 3

collagen

Question 4

most abundant collagen in dermis

Answer 4

collagen I

Question 5

second most abundant collagen of skin

Answer 5

collagen III

increased in levels during embryogenesis and infancy and in wound healing

Question 6

what collagens are in the basement membrane of skin

Answer 6

IV, VII, XVII

Question 7

structure of elastic fibers in dermis

Answer 7

microfibrils (mainly fibrillin)

elastin

Question 8

ground substance of dermis is composed of

Answer 8

water, electrolytes, plasma proteins, proteoglycans

Question 9

proteoglycan structure

Answer 9

protein core with GAGs

Question 10

fxn of proteoglycans

Answer 10

binds lots of water

Question 11

how is collagen made?

Answer 11

made by fibroblasts
intracellularly, three chains twisted together to form procollagen

extracellularly, procollagen gets cleaved at both termianals. then gets assembled. combined into collagen fibrils

Question 12

Marfan syndrome

Answer 12

autosomal dominant
mutation in fibrillin, affecting elastic fibers
variable expression

Question 13

what features can you see w/ Marfan syndrome

Answer 13

ectopia lentis
myopia

pectus excavatum
aortic dilation or aneurysm
mitral valve prolapse

short torso
scoliosis

tall and thin body
long limbs and fingers
flexible joints

striae (skin able to stretch but not able to return)

Question 14

Ehlers Danlos syndrome

Answer 14

group of inherited connec tissue disorders

abnormalities of collagen struc, production, processing, or assembly

variable inheritance. clinical features based on mutation

skin not as stable as it should be

Question 15

clinical features of Ehlers danlos

Answer 15

hypermobile joints

skin is very stretchy

Question 16

morphea

Answer 16

autoimmune disease
also known as localized scleroderma

causes sclerosis (thickening of collagen)

Question 17

clinical features of morphea

Answer 17

violaceous plaques

sclerotic plaques

Question 18

systemic sclerosis

Answer 18

autoimmune disease
middle aged women
widespread sclerosis

Question 19

clinical features of systemic sclerosis

Answer 19

sclerosis of skin (microstomia, sclerodactyly)
Raynaud’s phenomenon
telangiectasia
arthritis
internal organs (pulmonary fibrosis, renal crises, esophageal dysmotility)

Question 20

steps of wound healing

Answer 20

injury
hemostasis
inflammation
proliferation
maturation

Question 21

when does proliferation in wound healing occur?

Answer 21

4-12 days

Question 22

time frame of maturation for wound healing

Answer 22

12 days to 2 yrs

Question 23

what occurs in maturation step of wound healing

Answer 23

inflam cells are cleared
fibroblast apoptosis
blood vessel maturation
collagen maturation

Question 24

after skin is injured, can it return to original strength?

Answer 24

no, it is never as strong as it was before

Question 25

subcutaneous fat fxns

Answer 25

energy storage
insulation
shock absorption

Question 26

erythema nodosum

Answer 26

disease of subcutaneous fat

reactive panniculitis (fat inflam)–due to streptococcal pharyngitis, oral contraceptives, IBD, or malignancy

young women

tender red nodules on shins (feels like hard lump under skin)