09.13 Hematopoietic System and Lymphoid System

Question 1

Answer 1

1. Bone marrow biopsy shows the architecture of the system
2. Bone marrow aspiration shows morphology of the cells

Question 2

Question 3

Answer 3

1. Proerythroblast
2. Early erythroblast
3. Intermediate erythroblast
4. Late erythroblast
5. polychromatic erythrocyte
6. Mature erythrocyte

Question 4

Answer 4

erythroid precursors in BM

Question 5

Answer 5

They get smaller and the cytoplasm becomes less basophilic.

Nucleus becomes smaller

Question 6

Answer 6

• *A. Proerythroblast**
  1. Divides through mitosis to produce subsequent cells
  2. Very large nucleus with large, round nuclear chromatin.
  3. The cytoplasm is deep basophilic (dyes purple) due to polyribosomes with pale peri-nuclear zone.

B. subsequently, they get smaller and cytoplasm becomes less basophilic.

Question 7

Answer 7

erythroid island in BM

Question 8

Answer 8

myelopoiesis

1. Myeloblast
2. Promyelocyte
3. Myelocyte
4. Metamyelocyte
5. Band cell
6. PMN leukocyte (neutrophil in picture)

Question 9

Answer 9

PMN leucocytes have multi-lobulated nucleus connected with strings of chromatin

Question 10

Answer 10

1. three types of myelocyte develop into 3 different PMN leukocytes.
2. when body is infected, the number of band cells in the blood circulation increases.
3. nucleus gets indented from promyelocyte to completely lobulated in PMN leukocytes

Question 11

Answer 11

1. Myelo(mono-)poeisis produces macrophages.
2. macrophage has many names
3. Very large cell with irregular shape with very low nucleus/cytoplasm ratio (small nucleus)
4. Cytoplasm is voluminous and weakly basophilic

Question 12

Answer 12

X. Megakaryopoiesis – platelet developing cells

• Group I (immature)
  
  • Cytoplasm is strongly basophilic with very high N/C ratio
• Group II
  
  • Less basophilic cytoplasm with some azurophilic granules
  • Lower N/C ratio
• Group III (mature)
  
  • Plentiful cytoplasm which is weakly basophilic and contains abundant azurophilic granules
  • Very low N/C ratio

Question 13

Answer 13

Neutrophil: lilac colored cytoplasm

eosinophil: red cytoplasm
basophil: blue all over
lymphocytes: high N/C ratio

Question 14

Answer 14

1. Encapsulated spherical or kidney-shaped organs composed of lymphoid tissue
2. Contains an outer cortex, inner cortex, and medulla

Question 15

Answer 15

Lymph node architecture

fibers in the foreground; macrophage in the background

Question 16

Answer 16

lymph node x-section

Question 17

Answer 17

lymph node follicle

Question 18

Answer 18

follicle with germinal center in the outer and inner cortex.

No follicle in the medulla

Question 19

Answer 19

Medullary cords are branched extensions of the inner cortex that contain B lymphocytes and plasma cells

Question 20

Answer 20

Medullary lymphoid sinuses are dilated capillary like structures that separate the medullary cords

Question 21

Answer 21

B-cell in the outer cortex and medulla.

T-cell in the inner cortex.

Question 22

Answer 22

tingible-body macrophages within a reactive follicle

Question 23

Answer 23

thymus cortex and medulla

Question 24

Answer 24

Thymus cortex. lymphocytes on upper left, reticular cells on the lower center.

Extensive population of T-cells and many macrophages

Question 25

Answer 25

1. normal structure in thymus medulla 2. Concentric arrays of epithelial cells which contain keratohyaline and bundles of cytoplasmic fibers 3. Comprised of multiple layers of epitheloid cells

Question 26

Answer 26

Hassall's corpuscles

Question 27

Answer 27

1. In infancy, thymus actively produces lymphocytes 1. T-cell differentiation and maturation 2. Post-pubescent thymus involutes and is characterized by areas of adipose tissue. 1. Adults should not have active thymic tissue

Question 28

Answer 28

spleen red and white pulp

Question 29

Answer 29

White pulp: 1. Thick sheath of cylinder of mainly t-lymphocytes surrounding a central artery or arterioles 2. Round mass of bluish-staining maninly B-lymphocytes, the peri-arteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS)

Question 30

Answer 30

Round mass of bluish-staining maninly B-lymphocytes, the peri-arteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS)

Question 31

Answer 31

spleen red/white pulps and artery

Question 32

Answer 32

1. Contains splenic cords and sinuses (aka sinusoids) 2. Splenic cords: reticular cells supported by reticular fibers, macrophages 3. Elongated endothelial cells line the sinusoids and filter blood.

Question 33

Answer 33

thymus and spleen comparison

Question 34

Answer 34

A. Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT)

Question 35

Answer 35

a. Encapsulated lymphoid tissue b. Depending on their locations, called **palatine**, pharyngeal or lingual tonsils

Question 36

Answer 36

a. Encapsulated lymphoid tissue b. Depending on their locations, called palatine, **pharyngeal** or lingual tonsils

Question 37

Answer 37

a. Encapsulated lymphoid tissue b. Depending on their locations, called palatine, pharyngeal or **lingual** tonsils

Question 38

Answer 38

a. Located in the lamina propria and submucosa of the ileum b. Consists of nodules composed of T-lymphocytes and a germinal center containing B-cells and macrophages c. M cells take up antigen and present them to antigen-presenting cells

Question 39

Answer 39

b. Contains lymphoid aggregates in the mucosa and submucosa

Question 40

Answer 40

appendix