08 Acids and Bases Flashcards
1
Q
Define indicators
A
Substances which change colour when in contact with an acid/a base.
2
Q
What can indicators also be known as?
A
pH indicators
3
Q
What does pH stand for?
A
Potential for Hydrogen
4
Q
What is the pH scale used for?
A
To specify how acidic or basic a solution is.
5
Q
Describe the pH scale. (Acids, bases, neutrals)
A
1-3 are strong acids 4-6 are weak acids 7 is neutral 8-11 are weak bases 12-14 are strong bases
6
Q
Describe acids.
A
- Acids = mainly corrosive
- Fizz/corrode when come into contact with objects
- Some acids = not corrosive = sour taste
- Acids donate protons (hydrogen ion)
7
Q
Describe bases and alkalis.
A
- Base = used to neutralise an acid
- Bases accept protons
- Base dissolve in water = alkali
- Alkali = base however not always base = alkali
- Concentration of alkali = corrosive
8
Q
What is the neutralisation equation?
A
Acid + base = salt + water
9
Q
Name 3 acids and their formulae.
A
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Nitric acid (HNO3) Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
10
Q
Name 3 bases and their formulae.
A
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) Ammonia and Ammonium (NH3 and NH4)
