04 Separation of mixtures

Question 1

Define “mixture”.

Answer 1

Different elements/compounds are joined, however they are not chemically joined together, and can be easily separated.

Question 2

Define “compound”.

Answer 2

Elements that are chemically bonded together and cannot be easily separated.

Question 3

Name 6 different ways to separate mixtures.

Answer 3

1. Decanting
2. Filtration
3. Evaporation
4. Distillation
5. Chromatography
6. Magnetism

Question 4

Define “decanting”.

Answer 4

Process of carefully pouring a liquid from a mixture of non-mixing substances.

Question 5

Define “immiscible liquids”.

Answer 5

Liquids that cannot mix due to different densities.

Question 6

Define “miscible liquids”.

Answer 6

Liquids that mix well.

Question 7

Define “filtration”.

Answer 7

Method used to separate an insoluble (cannot mix) solid from a liquid/solution.

Question 8

Define “residue”.

Answer 8

The solid component left behind in the filter paper. (filtration).

Question 9

Define “filtrate”.

Answer 9

The liquid that passes through the filter paper. (filtration)

Question 10

Define “evaporation”.

Answer 10

Method used to separate a soluble (can mix) solid from a liquid. The liquid turns into a gas, leaving the solid behind.

Question 11

Define “distillation”.

Answer 11

Method used to separate two miscible liquids with different boiling points. The mixture is heated to turn it from a liquid to a gas. One of the gases passes into a component called a liebig condenser where it turns back into a liquid and collects into a beaker.

Question 12

Define “chromatography”.

Answer 12

Method used to separate mixtures of different colours. Includes inks, dyes and colouring agents in foods.