06 Technologies II Longitudinal and lateral control systems

Question 1

Cables and Fuses

Answer 1

• Cables are a mean to propagate and guide
  electrical signals/power.
• Fuses are sacrificial devices preventing
  overcurrent.

Question 1

(Omni)Buses

Answer 1

One or more wires become a bus when they enable distributed
communication, in other words the cables are shared (in time)
between devices for communication.

Question 2

Electronic Control Units

Answer 2

ECUs are small computers
connecting sensors and
actuators in a vehicle.

Question 3

Electrical/Electronic (E/E) Architecture

Answer 3

• enables entertainment, information, connection, and protection in modern vehicles.
• includes cables, connectors, and electronic control units (ECUs), sensors, actuators, lights.
• often includes bus communication (LIN, MOST, CAN, FlexRay, etc…) to reduce wiring.
• provides:
• Data networks
• Diagnostics
• Fault tolerance
• Energy management
• Power and signal networks
• Physical & functional partitioning
• Active safety

Question 4

Electrical/Electronic (E/E) Architecture - CHALLANGES

Answer 4

• Lower cost
• Reduced mass
• Improved functionality
• Smaller packaging
• Improved reliability
• Fewer wires
• Smaller gauge size
• Fewer splices

Question 5

Active Safety System: 3 general components

Answer 5

Sensors -> Algorithm -> HMI/Actuators

Question 6

How a driver controls a vehicle

Answer 6

• Lateral Control
• Longitudinal Control

Question 7

Lateral Control + Active Safety

Answer 7

Keeping vehicle in the lane by steering (and
controlling speed).

Examples:
- Lane Departure Warning
- Lane Keeping Assistant
- Driver Alert Support

Question 8

Longitudinal Control

Answer 8

Controlling accelerator and brake pedal to avoid
collisions and comply to regulations.

Examples:
- Distance Alert / Gap Advisor
- Frontal Collision
- Automated Emergency Braking

Question 9

Threat Assessment (TA)

Answer 9

Threat assessment is about evaluating how critical the current situation is.

Lateral control:
- How large is time-to-lane crossing?
Longitudinal control:
- How large is time-to-collision?

Question 10

Decision Making (DM)

Answer 10

Decision making is about determining what to do and when (action).

Question 11

TTC

Answer 11

Time to Collision

Question 12

Human Machine Interface

Answer 12

• Everything that enables interaction between the driver and the vehicle.
• Typical warning strategies may provide visual, auditory and/or haptic information.