Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CVS > 05a: Circulation and P > Flashcards

05a: Circulation and P Flashcards

1
Q

The pressure in all distensible vessels is determined by its:

A
  1. Compliance

2. Volume (contained within it at any moment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Compliance of veins is determined by product of their (X) and (Y).

A 
X = distensibility (specific compliance)
Y = volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Since veins have (X) times the distensibility as arteries and carry (Y) times the volume. Hence, their compliance is (Z) times that of arteries.

A 
X = 5-6
Y = 3-4
Z = 15-24
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define distensibility (with an equation).

A

Percent change in V as a function of P;

(delta V/V)/delta P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

At relaxed volume, the cross-section of vein looks (X) shape. With volume and small P increases, shape changes to (Y). The cross-sectional area and circumference of vessel (increase/decrease).

A 
X = biconcave
Y = elliptical then circular;

CS Area increases BUT no change in circumference of vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When higher V and P changes (increase/decrease) (X) of vein, its distensibility finally begins to decrease.

A

Increase;

X = circumference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Change in volume in artery during given time period is determined by:

A

Flow in - Flow out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

During the period of the entire cardiac cycle, SV is (greater/smaller) than runoff volume.

A

Equal!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In steady state, the time averaged volume in artery (increases/decreases).

A

Doesn’t change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In steady state, the time averaged pressure in artery (increases/decreases).

A

Doesn’t change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

During systole, flow into artery is (greater/smaller) than flow out, causing (increase/decrease) in P and V.

A

Greater;

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

During diastole, flow into artery is (greater/smaller) than flow out, causing (increase/decrease) in P and V.

A

Flow into artery is ZERO!

Decrease (“diastolic run off” to pump out rest of blood from systole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

During diastole, it’s the (X) property of the arteries that provides driving force to propel blood out.

A

X = elastic recoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: Since pressure in aorta is relatively constant, it’s possible to approximate MAP.

A

False - despite constantly changing P of aorta, MAP can still be approximated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MAP equation…

A

Pd + (1/3)(PP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pulse pressure equation…

A

Ps-Pd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In an aortic pressure curve, the peak pressure is (X).

A

X = aortic systolic P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

List the key physiological factors that affect arterial blood volume.

A
  1. CO (HR and SV)

2. Peripheral resistance

19
Q

The pulse pressure is predominantly determined by (X) and (Y) characteristic of (Z) vessel.

A 
X = SV
Y = compliance
Z = aorta
20
Q

The actual systolic P that will be attained is actually dictated by which other P?

A

Diastolic P (prior to ejection)

21
Q

List the factors that influence aortic systolic P.

A
  1. SV
  2. Ejection velocity
  3. Aortic distensibility
22
Q

List the factors that influence aortic diastolic P.

A
  1. Aortic distensibility
  2. HR
  3. Peripheral resistance
23
Q

List the changes in factors that, at given (X) P, will increase pulse pressure by (increasing/decreasing) systolic P.

A

X = diastolic;
Increasing;

  1. Increase SV
  2. Increase ejection velocity
  3. Decrease in aortic distensibility
24
Q

An increase in peripheral resistance will (increase/decrease) pulse pressure by (increasing/decreasing) (diastolic/systolic) P. What’s being directly affected in this case?

A

Decrease;
Increasing;
Diastolic P;

Rate of “run-off” (decline of arterial V and P) is decreased

25
Q

An increase in HR will (increase/decrease) pulse pressure by (increasing/decreasing) (diastolic/systolic) P. What’s being directly affected in this case?

A

Decrease;
Increasing;
Diastolic P;

Time for run-off (decline of arterial V and P) is decreased

26
Q

Vessels downstream of aorta experience (increase/decrease) in systolic P and (increase/decrease) in diastolic P, causing (increase/decrease) in Pulse P.

A

Increase;
Decrease;
Increase

27
Q

Vessels downstream of aorta experience (increase/decrease) in mean P.

A

Always decrease (loss of E due to friction)

28
Q

(X) is the primary factor propelling blood through venous system. Explain what it is.

A

X = vis a tergo

Pressure difference between peripheral venous pressure (Pv) and RA pressure (Pra)

29
Q

Standing perfectly still for prolonged time may cause fainting, because it compromises which secondary factor influencing (X).

A

X = venous return (decreased)

Skeletal muscle pumps

30
Q

Describe how (inspiration/expiration) helps in venous return.

A

Inspiration;

Descent of diaphragm increases intra-abdominal P, increasing pressure gradient that drives venous return

31
Q

Venomotor tone is factor in venous return because (increase/decrease) in venous wall tension, resulting in increase (P/compliance) helps increase venous return.

A

Increase;

P

32
Q

Ventricular ejection aids in venous return by which mechanism?

A

Reaction force pulls heart downward, decreasing RA pressure

33
Q

When considering flow of fluid between two points at different levels above the ground, it’s crucial to consider difference in (X) between the two points. Which components make up (X)?

A

X = TOTAL fluid E

  1. Lateral P
  2. KE
  3. Gravitational PE
34
Q

T/F: Fluid flowing between two points at different levels above ground will always flow from high to low lateral pressures.

A

False

35
Q

Upon standing, (arterial/venous) pressure in foot is (increased/decreased) by larger value.

A

Both increase by same amount!

36
Q

Upon standing, (arterial/venous) (X) pressure in head is (increased/decreased) by larger value.

A

X = lateral;

Both decreased by same amount!

37
Q

T/F: SV decreased with decrease in respiratory rate.

A

True

38
Q

T/F: SV decreased with hypotension.

A

False

39
Q

An individual in which HR, TPR and compliance are kept constant, and increase in stroke volume results in (increase/decrease) pulse pressure and (increase/decrease) in MAP.

A

Increase in both

40
Q

Because (veins/arteries) are compliant, standing leads to (X) and (rise/fall) in VR. In the absence of (Y), this would lead to fall in (Z) and fainting.

A 
Veins;
X = venous distension/pooling
Fall;
Y = reflex response for BP
Z = MAP
41
Q

What causes (veins/arteries) in head and neck to collapse?

A

Veins;

If they have pressure below atmospheric pressure

42
Q

T/F: A patient with aortic stenosis is likely to have a lower than normal fluid velocity through the aortic valve.

A

False

43
Q

T/F: A patient with aortic stenosis is likely to have a higher than normal pulmonary venous pressure.

A

True

CVS (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions