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Histopathology > 04 NEOPLASIA > Flashcards

04 NEOPLASIA Flashcards

1
Q

6 definitions of Neoplasia

A 
Tumor
Purposeless
Newgrowth
Abnormal Mass 
Autonomous growth
Monoclonal
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2
Q

Means the process of “new growth”

A

Neoplasia

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3
Q

A new growth is called _______

A

Neoplasm

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4
Q

Neoplasm is commonly known as?

A

Tumor

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5
Q

The study of tumors or neoplasms

A

Oncology

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6
Q

Common term for all malignant tumors

A

Cancer

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7
Q

The Latin word “cancer” means?

A

Crab

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8
Q

Abnormal mass of tissue

A

Neoplasm

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9
Q

Genetic changes allow excessive and unregulated proliferation that becomes _______________

A

autonomous

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10
Q

Entire population of cells within a tumor arises from a _______ cell that has incurred a genetic change (clonal)

A

single

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11
Q

Two basic components of tumors

A

Parenchyma

Stroma/ Non-neoplastic stroma

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12
Q

determines the biologic behavior of the noeplasm

A

Parenchyma

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13
Q

A basic component made up of connective tissue and blood vessels

A

Stroma / Non-neoplastic stroma

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14
Q

It is the component from which the tumor derived its name

A

Parenchyma

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15
Q

a benign tumor arising in fibrous tisssue

A

fibroma

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16
Q

Benign tumors are designated by attaching the suffix “ _____”

A

-oma

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17
Q

A benign cartilaginous tumor

A

Chondroma

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18
Q

Nomenclature of benign __________ tumors is more complex

A

epithelial

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19
Q

Lab Diagnosis of Cancer

A 
Pap's smear
Histologic and Cytologic methods
Fine Needle ASpiration BIopsy
Frozen SEction
Excision and Incision Biopsy
Biochemical Assays - tumors markers
Immunohistochemistry 
Flow Cytometry
Electron Microscopy
Tissue Culture
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20
Q

As a guide for treatment: lower grades are amenable to?

A

Surgery

21
Q

AS a guide for treatment: higher grades are amenable to?

A

Radiation

22
Q

As a prognostic guide - the (a.lower b.higher) grades have generally a poorer prognosis.

A

b.higher

23
Q

True or false. Undifferentiated tumors are less malignant than well-differentiated tumors.

A

False

24
Q

(a. Differentiated cells b.Undifferentiated cells) - resembling normal cells

A
  1. Differentiated
25
Q

Undifferentiated cells are (a.younger forms b. normal forms c. older forms)

A

a. younger forms

26
Q

Give the stage. More distant lymph node involvement

A

N3

27
Q

Give the stage. Distant metastases present

A

M1

28
Q

Give the stage. No distant metastases

A

M0

29
Q

Give the stage. In situ, non-invasive (confined to epithelium)

A

Tis

30
Q

Give the stage. Small, minimally invasive within primary organ site

A

T1

31
Q

Give the stage. Larger and/or invasive beyond margins of primary organ site

A

T3

32
Q

Give the stage. Very large and/or very invasive, spread to adjacent organs

A

T4

33
Q

Give the stage. Regional lymph node involvement

A

N1

34
Q

Give the stage. Extensive regional lymph node of involvement

A

N2

35
Q

Give the stage. No lymph node involvement

A

N0

36
Q

Larger, more invasive within the primary organ site

A

T2

37
Q

The most common systems for staging employs the ____ classification

A

TNM

38
Q

A “___” score is based upon the size and/or extent of invasion.

A

T

39
Q

The “___” score indicates the extent of lymph node involvement.

A

N

40
Q

The “___” score indicates whether distant metastases are present.

A

M

41
Q

Based on the degree of differentiation of tumor cells and the number of mitoses

A

Grading

42
Q

Based on the size of the primary lesion, extent of spread to regional lymph nodes, presence or absence of metastases.

A

Staging

43
Q

Expansile growth can destroy adjacent structures, endocrine gland neoplasm elaborate hormones

A

Local and hormonal effects

44
Q

Progressive loss of body fat and lean body mass accompanied by weakness, anorexia and anemia

A

Cancer cachexia

45
Q

Symptom complexes in cancer patients that cannot be readily explained

A

Paraneoplastic syndromes

46
Q

Causative agent of squamous papillomas (warts)

A

Human papilloma virus

47
Q

Causes gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma

A

Helicobacter pylori

48
Q

Carcinogenic agent of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Hepatitis B virus

49
Q

Diseases caused by Epstein-Barr virus

A

Burkitt lymphoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Histopathology (5 decks)

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