Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam > 04 - HISTOLOGY > Flashcards

04 - HISTOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

serves as an attachment between the epithelium and connective tissue

A

Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

three primary germ layers

A

Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial tissue

Avascular or vascular?

A

Avascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parts of Epithelial Tissue

A

Apical surface
Basal surface
Basal lamina
Reticular lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Produced by EPITHELIUM

A

Basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Produced by the CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A

Reticular lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

•usually forms membranes where FILTRATION or exchanges of substances by rapid diffusion occur

A

Simple squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

•forms the serous membranes that line the ventral body cavity and cover the organs in that cavity

A

Simple squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Endothelium and mesothelium

A

Simple squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Part of the body (blood vessel) which is in contact with the blood

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Network of capillaries which is the site of filtration/exchange of substances

A

Glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

•common in glands and their ducts (e.g. salivary glands and pancreas)

A

Simple cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

•forms the walls of the kidney tubules, and covers the surface of the ovaries

A

Simple cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

•Highly adapted for SECRETION and ABSORPTION

A

Simple cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

•Lines the entire length of the digestive tract from the stomach to the anus

A

Simple columnar non-ciliated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

produce a lubricating mucus that protects the linings of the GI tract from the gastric acid

A

Goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

•Consists of single layer of columnar, goblet and ciliated cells

A

Simple columnar ciliated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

•Lines some portions of the upper respiratory tract, Fallopian tubes, uterus, some paranasal sinuses and central canal of spinal cord

A

Simple columnar ciliated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

•found in the throat, trachea, and bronchi of the lungs

A

Pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most common STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM in the body

A

Stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

•Found in sites that receive a good deal of abuse or friction
- subjected to an unfriendly environment
•located predominantly along the exposed surfaces of the body

A

Stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

•found in the throat, the esophagus, the mouth, and the outer portion of the skin

A

Stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium needs additional protection, which the body provides by supplying a layer of __________ to the apical surface of the epithelium

A

Dead cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

•Found in the lining of sweat gland ducts and salivary gland ducts

A

Stratified cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • Serves a protective function

* Has a limited role in secretion and absorption

A

Stratified cuboidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  • found as the lining of the ducts of the mammary glands and in parts of the male urethra
  • Functions in protection and secretion
A

Stratified columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Classification of epithelial cells according to FUNCTION

A
  1. Covering and Lining

2. Glandular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Glandular epithelium

A
  • endocrine

- exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  • lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts
  • protects, absorbs nutrients and secretes mucus, enzymes and bile salts
A

Covering and lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

•Glands may consist single epithelial cells or a group of highly specialized epithelial cells that secrete various substances.

A

Glandular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

ductless and secrete hormones

A

Endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
  • thyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands
A

Endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q
  • secrete their products into ducts
A

Exocrine Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q
  • eg. sweat and salivary glands
A

Exocrine Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Exocrine glands can further be classified into

A

Unicellular

Multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What kind of gland is the GOBLET CELLS that lines the RESPIRATORY AND DIGESTIVE TRACT and secretes mucus

A

Unicellular exocrine glandular gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Multicellular exocrine gland can further be divided into

A

Simple

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

sweat glands, most of the glands of the digestive tract and the sebaceous glands

A

Simple multicellular exocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Have SINGLE, UNBRANCHING DUCTS

A

Simple multicellular exocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Have BRANCHING DUCTS

A

Compound multicellular exocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

mammary glands and the large salivary glands

A

Compound multicellular exocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Functional classification of Exocrine glands

A
  1. Holocrine
  2. Apocrine
  3. Merocrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q
  • Most abundant and widely distributed

* Well vascularized except CARTILAGES, LIGAMENTS and TENDONS

A

Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

3 Basic Elements of Connective Tissues

A

Cell
Ground substance
Fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Cells contained in the connective tissue

A 
Fibroblast
Macrophage
Plasma cells
Mast cells
Adipocytes and WBC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Produce substance that will become ground substance

A

Fibroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Derived from monocytes and will be used for phagocytosis

A

Macrophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

From B-cells

A

Plasma cells

49
Q

Stores, produce, secretes HISTAMINE responsible for allergic symptoms such as redness and swelling

A

Mast cells

50
Q

Examples of Ground substances

A

Hyaluronic acid
Chondroitin sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Keratan sulfate

51
Q

Provide STRENGTH AND SUPPORT for tissues

A

Connective tissue fibers

52
Q

3 Types of FIBERS

A

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

53
Q

bones, tendons, ligament & cartilage

A

Collagen

54
Q

skin, blood vessels and lungs

A

Elasticy

55
Q

stroma of soft tissue organs such as spleen & lymphnodes

A

Reticular

56
Q

Types of connective tissue

A

A. Loose Connective Tissue
B. Dense Connective Tissue
C. Specialized Connective Tissue

57
Q

softer and has more cells and fewer fibers than any other connective tissue type except blood

A

Loose CT

58
Q

Types of Loose Connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

59
Q

•One of the most widely distributed type of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar

60
Q
  • Contains almost all cells normally found in CT

* All 3 types of fibers are present

A

Areolar

61
Q

•Fat tissue in which fat cells are derived from FIBROBLASTS

A

Adipose CT

62
Q

Locations of ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A

Kidneys
Heart
Marrow of long bones
Behind the eyeball

63
Q

•Consists of fine interlacing reticular fibers •Provides strength and support

A

Reticular tissue

64
Q

•Forms the stroma of the liver, spleen and lymph nodes

A

Reticular tissue

65
Q

•Consists of more numerous and thicker fibers and fewer cells than loose connective tissue

A

Dense CT

66
Q

Subgroups of DENSE CT

A

–Dense Regular Connective Tissue
–Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
–Elastic Connective Tissue

67
Q
  • Consists of bundles of collagen fibers in an orderly, parallel arrangement that confers great strength.
  • Fibers all run in one direction only • regularly arranged in parallel patterns
A

DENSE REGULAR CT

68
Q

•This tissue is silvery white = white fibrous connective tissue

A

DENSE REGULAR CT

69
Q

Dense regular CTs

A

Tendons
Aponeuroses
Ligaments

70
Q

•Contains collagen fibers that are interwoven without regular orientation

A

Dense irregular CTs

71
Q
  • Found in parts of the body where tensions are exerted in various directions
  • Forms some fasciae, dermis of the skin, joint capsules, heart valves and fibrous capsules around organs.
A

Dense irregular CTs

72
Q

Dense Irregular CTs forms covering of
bones called: ____1____
& cartilage: ____2____

A
  1. periosteum

2. perichondrium

73
Q

•Branching elastic fibers

A

Elastic CT

74
Q

•Quite strong and can recoil to its original shape after stretching

A

Elastic CT

75
Q

•Component of elastic arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes of the lungs and lungs.

A

Elastic CT

76
Q

Specialized CT

A 
I. Cartilage 
II. Bone  
III. Dentin 
IV. Blood 
V. Lymphoid Tissue 
VI. Reticuloendothelial or RE System 
VII. Synovial Membranes
77
Q

•Consists of dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded in chondroitin sulfate

A

Cartilage

78
Q

Collagen fibers: _____1______

Chondroitin sulfate: _____2______

A
  1. Strength

2. Resilience

79
Q

Chondrocytes are found in cavities called

A

Lacunae

80
Q

Types of Cartilage

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

81
Q

•Most abundant cartilage in the body

A

Hyaline cartilage

82
Q

•Contains a resilient gel as its ground substance and appears in the body as a bluish white, shiny subsatnce

A

Hyaline cartilage

83
Q

•Collagen fibers are present but not visible

A

Hyaline cartilage

84
Q

•Locations: joints at the ends of long bines, anterior ends of ribs, helps support the nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchial tubes, forms the skeleton of the embryo

A

Hyaline cartilage

85
Q

•Chondrocytes are scattered among bundles of collagen fibers

A

Fibrocartilage

86
Q

•Forms the pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs and the menisci of the knee

A

Fibrocartilage

87
Q

•Offers STRENGTH and RIGIDITY

A

Fibrocartilage

88
Q

•Chondrocytes are located in a threadlike network of elastic fibers

A

Elastic Cartilage

89
Q

•Provides strength and elasticity and maintains the shape of organs- the epiglottis, auricle, and the auditory tubes.

A

Elastic Cartilage

90
Q

•Offers strength and elasticity

A

Elastic Cartilage

91
Q

Osseous tissue

A

Bone

92
Q

Bone cells

A

Osteocytes

93
Q

Types of bone tissue

A

Compact

Cancellous

94
Q
  • material that forms our teeth

* harder and denser than bone

A

Dentin

95
Q

hematopoietic or vascular (liquid blood) tissue

A

Blood

96
Q

Liquid (1) and
Solid (2)
components of the blood

A
  1. Plasma

2. Blood cells

97
Q

RBC:
WBC:
Platelets:

A

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes

98
Q

found in the lymph glands or nodes, the thymus gland, the spleen, the tonsils and the adenoids

A

Lymphoid tissue

99
Q

Cellular components of the lymphoid tissue

A

Lymphocytes

Granulocytes

100
Q

Consists of specialized CT cells that do PHAGOCYTOSIS

A

Reticuloendothelial system

101
Q

Cellular components of the RE system

A

Monocytes

Macrophages

102
Q

RE cells that line the liver

A

Kupffer cells

103
Q

surrounds, provides mechanical and physical support, convey nourishment to, and provides electrical insulation for the neurons

A

Neuroglia (glial) or microglia cell

104
Q

Resident macrophages of the brain and spinal cord

A

Microglia

105
Q
  • line the cavities of freely moving joints

* prevent friction where organ overlies or moves over another

A

Synovial Membranes

106
Q

small sacs containing synovial fluid found between muscles, tendons, bones and skin and underlying structures

A

Bursae

107
Q

highly specialized to contract or shorten to produce movement

A

Muscle tissue

108
Q

Types of Muscle tissues

A

Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac

109
Q

Branches of CARDIAC muscle cells connect with one another through special areas called

A

INTERCALATED DISCS

110
Q

•most highly organized tissue of the body •makes up the brain, spinal cord, and various nerves of the body

A

Nervous tissue

111
Q

Types of nerve cells in nervous tissue

A

Neurons

Neuroglia

112
Q
  • conducting cell

- very long cells (nerve fibers)

A

Neurons

113
Q

Major functions of neurons

A

Irritability

Conductivity

114
Q

•ability of nerve tissue to respond to environmental changes

A

Irritability

115
Q

•ability to carry a nerve impulse

A

Conductivity

116
Q

long, thin extensions of the cell body that transmit the impulse toward the axon endings

A

Axon

117
Q

contains the nucleus ; has rootlike extensions called dendrites that receive stimuli and conduct them to the cell body

A

Cell body

118
Q

Glial cell

A

Astrocyte

Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions