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Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam > 02 - MEDICAL IMAGING > Flashcards

02 - MEDICAL IMAGING Flashcards

1
Q
  • Visualization of structures inside the body

- Helpful for precise diagnosis of a wide range of anatomical and physiological disorders

A

Medical imaging

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2
Q

visualization of the internal parts of the body using x-ray techniques

A

Radiography (x-ray)

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3
Q

Types of x-ray

A

Traditional
Contrast
Special types

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4
Q

a 2D image of interior structures produced when an x-ray beam is passed through the body

A

Radiograph or x-ray film

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5
Q

Dense structures: _____
Hollow: _____
Intermediate: _____

A

White
Black
Gray

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6
Q

makes hollow or fluid-filled structures visible in radiographs

A

Contrast x-rays

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7
Q

Most commonly used contrast medium

A

Barium sulfate

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8
Q

Used to image blood vessels

A

Angiography

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9
Q

Used to image the urinary system

A

Intravenous urography

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10
Q

Used to image the GIT

A

Barium sulfate contrast x-ray

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11
Q

X-ray to capture internal structures of the breasts

  1. Process: _______
  2. Image: _______
A
  1. Mammography

2. Mammogram

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12
Q

used to measure the calcium content of the bone

A

Bone Densitometry

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13
Q

DEXA means

A

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

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14
Q

DEXA is used for

A

Measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

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15
Q

Parts usually examined by DEXA

A

Lumbar spine
Hips
Forearm

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16
Q

T/F

Thicker bones, more calcium content

A

T

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17
Q

A medical imaging procedure that uses x-rays to show CROSS-SECTIONAL images or “slices” of areas of the body

A

Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning

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18
Q

CT Scan is also called

A

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scanning

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19
Q

Visualizes SOFT TISSUES & ORGANS and BONY STRUCTURES in much more and good details

A

CT Scan

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20
Q
  • targets the TORSO

- provides the most benefit in screening for lung cancers, coronary artery disease, & kidney cancers

A

Whole-body CT Scanning

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21
Q

visualization of the internal parts of the body using x-ray techniques

A

Radiography (x-ray)

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22
Q

Types of x-ray

A

Traditional
Contrast
Special types

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23
Q

a 2D image of interior structures produced when an x-ray beam is passed through the body

A

Radiograph or x-ray film

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24
Q

Dense structures: _____
Hollow: _____
Intermediate: _____

A

White
Black
Gray

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25
Q

makes hollow or fluid-filled structures visible in radiographs

A

Contrast x-rays

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26
Q

Most commonly used contrast medium

A

Barium sulfate

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27
Q

Used to image blood vessels

A

Angiography

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28
Q

Used to image the urinary system

A

Intravenous urography

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29
Q

Used to image the GIT

A

Barium sulfate contrast x-ray

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30
Q

X-ray to capture internal structures of the breasts

  1. Process: _______
  2. Image: _______
A
  1. Mammography

2. Mammogram

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31
Q

used to measure the calcium content of the bone

A

Bone Densitometry

32
Q

DEXA means

A

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

33
Q

DEXA is used for

A

Measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

34
Q

Parts usually examined by DEXA

A

Lumbar spine
Hips
Forearm

35
Q

T/F

Thicker bones, more calcium content

A

T

36
Q

A medical imaging procedure that uses x-rays to show CROSS-SECTIONAL images or “slices” of areas of the body

A

Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning

37
Q

CT Scan is also called

A

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scanning

38
Q

Visualizes SOFT TISSUES & ORGANS and BONY STRUCTURES in much more and good details

A

CT Scan

39
Q
  • targets the TORSO

- provides the most benefit in screening for lung cancers, coronary artery disease, & kidney cancers

A

Whole-body CT Scanning

40
Q

Special types of radiography

A

Mammography

Bone densitometry / DEXA

41
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses ________________ and ________________

A

High-energy magnetic field

Pulses of radio wave energy

42
Q

The body being studied is placed in a special machine that contains a _________

A

Strong magnet

43
Q

T/F

MRI provides a 3D blueprint only

A

F

BOTH 2D and 3D

44
Q

T/F

MRI shows details for BOTH SOFT TISSUES AND BONES

A

F

SOFT TISSUES ONLY, not bones

45
Q

T/F

MRI has better detection and descriptive powers that CT

A

T

46
Q

_________________ may be used during MRI to show abnormal TISSUES more clearly

A

Contrast material

47
Q

Uses high-frequency sound waves produced by a handheld wand reflect off body tissues & are detected by the same instrument

A

Ultrasound Scanning (Sonography)

48
Q

T/F

Sonogram is a moving image of an ultrasound scan

A

F

May be STILL OR MOVING

49
Q

Device used in ultrasound scanning

A

Transducer

50
Q

A person that conducts ultrasound scanning

A

Sonologist

51
Q

Transducer can ______ and ________ sound

A

Transmit

Receive

52
Q

T/F

Ultrasound requires a surface with friction to obtain a perfect image

A

F

Frictionless surface

53
Q

Acts as a lubricant that allows for easy movement of the transducer across the skin

A

Ultrasound gel

54
Q

Ultrasound produces images that includes
___________
___________ and
___________ of the organs

A

Size
Location
Action

55
Q

Uses high frequency sound waves to measure BLOOD FLOW AND PRESSURE

A

Doppler Ultrasound

56
Q

Positron-emitting substance is injected in the body and taken up by tissues

A

Positron-emission tomography (PET)

57
Q

Positron + electrons = __________

A

Gamma

58
Q

Used to study the PHYSIOLOGY of body structures such as metabolism of the brain or heart

A

Positron Emission Tomography

59
Q

In PET, these colors indicate
Black and blue: ____1____
Red, orange, yellow and white: ____2____

A
  1. Minimal activity

2. Greater activity

60
Q

A radioactive substance is introduced intravenously into the body and carried by the blood

A

Radionuclide scanning

61
Q

Radionuclide scanning is used to find out how well an organ functions by looking at the ________________

A

Supply of blood to its tissues

62
Q

What takes up the particle injected into the body
PET: ____1____
Radionuclide scanning: ___2___

A
  1. Tissues

2. Blood

63
Q

Device injected into the vein and used in radionuclide scanning

A

Radiotracer

64
Q

T/F
In radionuclide image, areas if INTENSE COLOR indicates HIGH TISSUE ACTIVITY while those with LESS INTENSE COLOR has LOW TISSUE ACTIVITY

A

T

65
Q

Used to study activity of a tissue or organ, such as the heart, lungs, thyroid gland, & kidneys

A

Radionuclide scanning

66
Q

Useful for studying brain, heart, lungs and liver

A

SPECT

67
Q

SPECT mean

A

Single-Photo-Emission Computerized Tomography

68
Q

T/F

SPECT can be used to produce vertical cross sections through the body

A

F

BOTH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL

69
Q

visual examination of the inside of body organs or cavities using a lighted instrument with lenses called an endoscope

A

Endoscopy

70
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- interior of the COLON

A

Colonoscopy

71
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- organs within the ABDOMINOPELVIC cavity

A

Laparoscopy

72
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- interior of a JOINT, usually the knee

A

Arthroscopy

73
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- back of the throat including the voicebox (larynx)

A

Laryngoscopy

74
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- throat, larynx, trachea, lower airways

A

Bronchoscopy

75
Q

Types of Endoscopy

- internal surfaces of the nose and throat (nasopharynx)

A

Nasopharyngoscopy

Phar 111 Lec 1st Exam (4 decks)

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