04 - disorders of the coxofemoral joint

Question 1

(coxofemoral luxation)

(dx)

1. animals usually don’t bear weight on limb
2. if you pull hindlimbs caudally - often won’t be same length

Question 2

(coxofemoral luxation)

(closed reduction)

1. put head into acetabulum under GA
2. use flexion sling (ehmer sling) if luxation was craniodorsal, hobbles if caudoventral
3. reluxation not uncommon - use open reduction

Question 3

(coxofemoral luxation)

(open reduction)

1. yeah… do this if reluxation or there is an avulsion fracture

Question 4

(avascular necrosis of the femoral head)

1. aka what?
2. most common in what dogs?
3. usually uni or bi?
4. cause?
5. dx?
6. tx?

Answer 4

1. Legg-perthes or Legg-Calve-Perthes dz
2. young small-breed dogs
3. uni
4. unknown
5. px and radiographs
6. removal of femoral head and neck

Question 5

(hip dypslasia)

1. most common disorder of hip in dog and most common cause of OA
2. most commonly affected dogs?
3. inheritance?

Answer 5

2. large ones
3. yep - polygenic

Question 6

(hip dypslasia)

(dx)

1. lamenss and gait abnormalities
2. what is ortlantli sign?
3. radiographs

Answer 6

2. move leg rom adducted to abducted position -> if a click heard it means there is joint laxity

Question 7

(hip dypslasia)

(tx)

1. meds - wt control, nsaids, activity restriction
2. sx when meds don’t work

Question 8

(hip dypslasia)

(sx procedures)

1-4. what are four sx options?

Answer 8

1. triple pelvic osteotomy (ilium, pubis, ischium)
2. femoral head and neck excision (for smaller dogs)
3. pectineal myectomy (removal of pectineus muscle)
4. total hip replacement (done in larger dogs)