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[06] Cardiovascular System > [04] Blood Pressure Regulation > Flashcards

[04] Blood Pressure Regulation Flashcards

1
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The force that blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels

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2
Q

What two values does blood pressure consist of?

A
  • Systolic pressure
  • Diastolic pressure
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3
Q

What is systolic pressure?

A

The highest pressure in the arteries during a heartbeat

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4
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

The lowest pressure in the arteries between heartbeats

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5
Q

What are the average values of systolic and diastolic pressure in a healthy adult?

A
  • Systolic → 120 mmHg
  • Diastolic → 80 mmHg
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6
Q

What is the role of the heart in blood pressure regulation?

A

The heart pumps blood into the arteries, creating pressure

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7
Q

What is the role of blood volume in blood pressure regulation?

A

The more blood the heart pumps, the higher the blood pressure

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8
Q

What is the role of blood vessel diameter in blood pressure regulation?

A

The narrower the vessel, the higher the blood pressure

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9
Q

What is the role of blood viscosity in blood pressure regulation?

A

The thicker the blood, the higher the blood pressure

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10
Q

What organ plays a key role in regulating blood pressure?

A

The kidneys

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11
Q

How do kidneys regulate blood pressure?

A

They adjust the amount of fluid stored in the body and the amount of salts in that fluid

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12
Q

What hormone helps regulate blood pressure by constricting blood vessels?

A

Angiotensin II

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13
Q

What hormone helps regulate blood pressure by causing the kidneys to excrete more salt and water?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

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14
Q

What is hypotension?

A

Abnormally low blood pressure

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15
Q

What is hypertension?

A

Abnormally high blood pressure

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16
Q

What is the effect of vasodilation on blood pressure?

A

It decreases blood pressure

17
Q

What is the effect of vasoconstriction on blood pressure?

A

It increases blood pressure

18
Q

How does the nervous system influence blood pressure?

A

Through the sympathetic nervous system, which can cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation

19
Q

How does exercise affect blood pressure?

A

It temporarily increases blood pressure due to increased heart rate and oxygen demand

[06] Cardiovascular System (7 decks)

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