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[06] Cardiovascular System > [03] Blood Vessels and Circulation > Flashcards

[03] Blood Vessels and Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main types of blood vessels?

A
  • Arteries
  • Veins
  • Capillaries
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2
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

They carry blood away from the heart

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3
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

They carry blood towards the heart

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4
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

They enable the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and many other nutrients and waste substances between the blood and the tissues

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5
Q

How is blood circulation categorized?

A
  • Systemic circulation
  • Pulmonary circulation
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6
Q

What happens in systemic circulation?

A

Oxygenated blood is pumped from the left side of the heart to the body, and deoxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart

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7
Q

What happens in pulmonary circulation?

A

Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right side of the heart to the lungs, and oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart

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8
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

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9
Q

What are the two largest veins in the body?

A
  • Superior vena cava
  • Inferior vena cava
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10
Q

What is unique about the structure of arteries?

A

They have thick, muscular walls to withstand high pressure

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11
Q

What is unique about the structure of veins?

A

They have thin walls and valves to prevent backflow of blood

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12
Q

What is unique about the structure of capillaries?

A

They have very thin walls to allow exchange of materials

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13
Q

How does blood return to the heart against gravity?

A

Through the action of skeletal muscles and valves in the veins

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14
Q

What is the role of arterioles in blood pressure?

A

They can constrict or dilate to raise or lower blood pressure

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15
Q

What is the role of venules?

A

They collect blood from capillaries and join to form veins

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16
Q

What is an anastomosis in the context of blood vessels?

A

It is a connection between two blood vessels, providing alternative routes for blood flow

17
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The force that blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels

18
Q

What is pulse?

A

The rhythmic bulging of artery walls with each heartbeat

19
Q

What are the average values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a healthy adult?

A

Systolic → 120 mmHg

Diastolic → 80 mmHg

[06] Cardiovascular System (7 decks)

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