03 - Design, Computational Thinking, Questionnaires, Online Surveys Flashcards
Explain the basic design approaches.
Inside-Out:
- Engineering approach, no focus on interaction.
- The making is more important than the perception.
- Devices are added to robot to increase capabilities.
- Frankenstein Approach
Outside to Inside:
- Start making robot by focusing on the interaction.
- Hardware is secondary.
Who, where and how will it be used
- Technology takes backseat
Name the 4 Robot Morphologies and examples
Humanoid (Atlas), Zoomorphic (Paro), Object-Like, Minimalistic robots (Object-Like and minimalistic can sometimes be the same, eg. MiR)
What do anthropomorphic and anthropomorphization mean?
Anthropomorphic: Having human characteristics.
Anthropomorphization: attributing human traits to non-human entities. Anthropomorphism can be designed by appearance (eyes, speech) or behavior (make behavior more human to improve interaction)
Robot Affordances.
What does the robot’s shape afford it to do?
Matching form and function of the design is very important. If form and function are not matched, users get frustrated and the robots will not get used
How to measure anhtropomorphism?
RoSAS (Robotic Social Attributes Scale):
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Definition of “Uncanny” and uncanny valley
Uncanny: strange or mysterious, especially in an unsettling way.
The uncanny valley is a term used to describe the relationship between the human-like appearance of a robotic object and the emotional response it evokes. In this phenomenon, people feel a sense of unease or even revulsion in response to humanoid robots that are highly realistic.
Simple design process
- Define problem/question
- Build the interaction
- Test
- Analyze
- Repeat from step 2 until satisfied
Design Method Types
Engineering Design:
- Define problem & requirements
- Consider & evaluate possible solutions, rationally
- Model and simulate
- Look for a “good enough” solution within the given budget
User Centered:
- Focus on system users
- End-users influence how a design takes place
- Build prototypes to test questions which don’t have clear answers
- Test with target audience
- Identify stakeholders
- Common methods: needs and requirements analysis, field observations, focus groups, interviews, surveys.
Participatory Design:
- Include end users and stakeholders in the design process
- Different stakeholders might have expectations but not technical knowledge on how to implement -> An engineer’s nightmare
What is Computational Thinking?
The thought process involved in formulating a problem and expressing its solution in a way that a machine can carry it out
-> algorithmic thinking
Name some benefits and drawbacks of questionnairs being online or on paper.
Online: quick collection but no knowledge about who fills out
On Paper: slower, but more reliable
What are Likert-Scaled questionnairs?
Psychometric scale to meassure how much subjects agree or disagree. Should be a 7 point scale, to simulate a continuous scale. It is still non-parametric, bc not really continuous, some say its coninuous enough though.
