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Psych > 03 Anxiety > Flashcards

03 Anxiety Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of Anxiety:

A

Experience of irrational and disproportionate fear/dread

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2
Q

What’s the underlying cause of Anxiety and what would it produce?

A

Underlying cause is fear

Produces helplessness and uncertainty

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3
Q

Etiology of Anxiety?

A

Neurobiological model: neurotransmitters and overactive amygdala

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4
Q

Etiology of PTSD and Panic Disorder?

A

Cortisol dysregulation

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5
Q

OCD Etiology

A

Serotonin dysregulation

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6
Q

What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder defined as?

What may be worried?

A
  • Excessive anxiety and worry for most days over a period of at least 6 months
  • Worrying about finances, health, job, responsibilities, and interpersonal concerns.
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7
Q

What are Generalized Anxiety Disorder Sx:

A
  • Restlessness
  • Fatigue
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • irritability
  • difficulty sleeping
  • muscle tension
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8
Q

What are Psychological responses to anxiety?

A
  • fear
  • impending doom
  • helplessness
  • insecurity
  • low self confidence
  • anger
  • guilt
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9
Q

What are Physiological responses to anxiety? (13)

A
  • dry mouth
  • VS Increase
  • Diarrhea
  • Increased urination
  • palpitations
  • diaphoresis
  • hyperventilation
  • fatigue
  • insomnia
  • sexual dysfunction
  • irritability
  • fidgeting
  • pacing
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10
Q

What are Behavioral responses to anxiety? (5)

A
  • fight or flight response
  • talkative
  • giggly
  • angry
  • withdrawn
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11
Q

What’s is Panic Disorder?

A

the sudden onset of intense of apprehension, fear, or terror

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12
Q

what is Panic Disorder characterized by?

A

Characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks followed by at least one month of persistent concern about having another panic attack

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13
Q

What are symptoms of Panic Disorder?

A
  • Dyspnea
  • Palpitations
  • Chest Pain
  • Faintness
  • Dizziness
  • fear of dying/going crazy
  • choking
  • hyperventilation (some people may end up in the ED, thinking they’re having a heart attack)
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14
Q

What is Panic Disorder typically associated with?

A

Associated with Major Depressive Disorder

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15
Q

What are certain nursing interventions for anxiety? (7)

A
  • Stay with client and remain calm
  • Provide reassurance and support
  • Remove anxiety-producing stimuli
  • have clients take deep breaths
  • Distract client from anxiety-producing stimuli
  • Provide a paper bag for hyperventilation
  • Grounding techniques
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16
Q

What are some Panic Attack Symptoms? (7)

A
  • žSweating
  • žPalpitations
  • žTrembling
  • žShortness of breath
  • žChoking sensation
  • žChest pain: Heart attack like symptoms
  • žNausea or abdominal discomfort. Severe headache, severe GI issues, nausea/vomiting/
  • žLightheadedness: Numbness, tingling
17
Q

What is a Phobia?

A
  • Persistent and marked fear or a particular object, place or situation referred to as a stimulus
  • Provokes an immediate anxiety response
18
Q

What is a Social Phobia?

A

Fear of social or performance situations in which embarassment may occur and when experienced, produces an immediate anxiety response

19
Q

What are symptoms of Social Phobia?

A
  • Palpitations
  • Tremors
  • Confusion
  • Blushing
  • Muscle Tension
  • Sweating
  • GI distress
20
Q

What are nursing interventions for social phobia?

A
  • Relaxation technique
  • Behavioral modification techniques
  • Gradual desensitization experiences
  • Verbalizing thoughts and feelings of anxiety
21
Q

OCD is characterized by Obsessions and Compusions. Define each:

A
  1. Obsessions: repetitive, intrusive thoughts that make little sense
  2. Compulsions: Repetitive, ritualistic behavior that strive to neutralize the anxiety associated with the obsessions.
    i. e handwashing, checking and rechecking

Rituals must take more than 10 min a da, distress the client and affect their daily life function

22
Q

What are Nursing Interventions for OCD?

A
  • Distract/substitue
  • Do not interrupt compulsive act
  • schedule time to complete ritual and gradually decrease time and number of times that the ritual is performed
  • Provide safety
  • maintain structure
  • Schedules and activities
  • Demonstrate acceptance
  • encoruage expression of feelings
  • antianxiety meds
23
Q

What is PTSD?

A

A traumatic event that invovled an actual or threatened death or physical injury that was persoanlly directed at the client, witnessed, or experienced by someone else and learned about by the client may preclude PTSD.

24
Q

What are PTSD symptoms?

A
  • Depression
  • anxiety
  • sleep disorders
  • irritability
  • difficulty concentrating
  • psychosis
  • flashbacks
  • hallucinations
  • reliving event
  • avoidance, feelings of detachment or emptiness
25
Q
A
26
Q

What is dissociative disorder?

A

Disruption of the usually integrated function of consciouness, memory, identity or perception of the environment

Response to trauma

27
Q

What are symptoms related to dissociative disorders?

A
  • Emotional numbing (Detachment)
  • Derealization
  • Amnesia
  • Depersaonlization
  • along with anxiety
28
Q

What are somatoform disorders?

A

Physical manifestations & reports with no pathology

29
Q

What Hypochondriasis?

A

Exaggerated preoccupation with physical health, not based on real organic disorders.

  • Multiple manifestations
  • Worried/anxious about manifestations
  • Seeks medical care frequently from multiple health care providers .
30
Q

What’s treatment of hypochondriac?

A

Psychotherapy: CBT focus on thoughts and beliefs

Pharmacotherapy

Systematic desensitization: gradual exposure to an icnreasing hierarchy of stress provoking stimuli for the purpose of extinguishing the negative emotional response.

Flooding: confronting th exposure

31
Q

What class is anti depressant drugs?

A

SSRI, i.e paroxetine

32
Q

Class of drug to treat anxiety

A

Benzodiazepines: ativan, Valium, xanax

33
Q

A drug that treats anixiety and is a nonbenzodiazepine

A

Buspar: a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic

34
Q

Class of drug that helps with HTN

A

Beta Blockers: Inderal, catapres

35
Q

Peplau has Four Levels of Anxiety.

Describe each:

Mild:
Moderate:
Severe:
Panic:

A

Mild: seldome a problem

Moderate: perceptual field diminishes

Severe: perceptual field is so diminished that concetnration centers on one detail only or on many extraneous details

Panic: the most intense state.

36
Q

What are some Behavioral Adaption Responses to Anxiety at the mild level?

A

eating

drinking

sleeping

physical exericse

smoking

crying

talking

37
Q

what symptoms may manifest if anxiety is at moderate to severe levels?

A

migraine headaches

IBS

cardiac arrhythmias

38
Q

What does extended periods of severe anxiety lead to?

A

anxiety disorders

somatoform disorders.

39
Q
A

Psych (6 decks)

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