02 Chapter 9 Interventions in Groups Flashcards
how is a group defined?
It’s a collection of individuals whose associations is founded on shared commonlities of interest, values, norms or purpose
Fuctions of a Group
Socialization def:
The teaching of social norms occurs through group interactions
Fuctions of a Group
Support definition:
fellow group members are available in time of need
Fuctions of a Group
Task completion definition:
Groups can assist in endeavors that are beyond the capacity of one individual alone
Fuctions of a Group
Camaraderie definition:
Individuals receive joy and pleasure from interactions with significant others
Fuctions of a Group
Informational def:
Learning takes place when group members share their knowledge with the others in the group
Fuctions of a Group
Normative definition:
Different groups enforce established norms in various ways
Fuctions of a Group
Empowerment definition:
change can be made by groups at times when individuals alone are ineffective
Fuctions of a Group
Governance definition:
Large organizations often have leadership that is provided by groups rather than by a singal individual
Types of Groups
Task Groups definition
Groups formed to accomplish a specific outcome/task
Types of Groups
Teaching Groups def:
the focus is to convey knowledge and information to a number of individuals
Types of Groups
Supportive/Therapeutic group
The primary concern is to prevent possible future upsets by teaching the participants effective ways of dealing with emotional stress arising from situational/developmental crises
What’s the difference between Group Therapy and Therapeutic Groups?
Group Therapy: Has sound theoretical base, and leaders generally have advanced degrees in psychology, social work, nursing or medicine.
Therapeutic groups: Based less on theory. Focus is on group relationships, interactions among group members and the consideration of a selected issue.
What’s required of leaders in both Group therapy and Therapeutic groups?
They must be knowledgable about the following:
Group Process: way that group members interact with each other
Group Content: topic being discussed in the group
How does Seating affect the group dynamic?
It’s best when there’s no barriers between the members, i.e cricle of chairs are better than chairs around a table
How does Size influence a group dynamic?
Size of group makes a difference in the interaction among members. 7~8 members is optimal for group interaction and relationship development
What are Open Ended Groups?
Members leave and others join at any time during the existence of the group?
What are Closed ended groups?
All members join at the time that the group is organized and terminate membership at the end of a designated period
Curative Factors of Groups
Instillation of Hope def:
By observing the progress of others in the group with similar problems, a group member garners hope that his or her problems can be resolved
Curative Factors of Groups
Universality def:
Individuals come to realize that they are not alone in the problems, thoughts, and feelings they are experiencing
Curative Factors of Groups
Imparting of Information def
Group members share their knowledge with each other. Leaders of teaching groups also provide info the group members.
Curative Factors of Groups
Alturism def:
Individuals provide assistance and support to each other, thereby helping to create a positive self image and to promote self growth
Curative Factors of Groups
Corrective recapiutlation of the primary family group:
Group members are able to re-experience early family conflicts that remain unresolved
Curative Factors of Groups
Development of socializing techniques:
Through interaction and with feedback from other members of the gorup. Individuals are able to correct maladaptive social behaviors and to learn and develop new skills.
Curative Factors of Groups
imitative behavior def
Group members who have mastered a particular psychosocial skill/developmental task serve as valuable role models for others
Curative Factors of Groups
Interpersonal learning
Group offers varied opportunities for interacting with other people
Curative Factors of Groups
Group Cohesiveness:
Members develop a sense of belonging rather than separating the individual (“I am” from group “We are”)
Curative Factors of Groups
Catharsis:
Within the group, members are able to express both positive and negative feelings
Curative Factors of Groups
Existential factors
The group is able to assist individual members to take directions of their own lives, and to accept responsibility for the quality of their existence
There are 3 phases of group development, what are each stage called?
Phase 1: Intial or orientation phase
Phase 2: Middle or working Phase
Phase 3: Final or termination phase
What occurs during Phase 1 of group development?
- Leader and members work together to establish rules and goals for the gorup
- Leader promotes trust and ensures that rules do not interfere with fulfillment of the goals
- Members are superficial and overly polite. Trust has not yet been established
What occurs during Phase II of Group Development?
- Productive work toward completion of the task is undertaken
- Leader role diminishes and becomes more of a facilitator
- Trust has been established among the members and cohesiveness exists
- Conflict is managed by the group members themselves
What occurs during Phase III (Final or termination phase) of Group Development?
- A sense of loss, precipitating the grief process, may be experienced by group members
- The leader encourages the group members to discuss these feelings of loss and to reminisce about the group’s accomplishments
- Feeling of abandonement may be experienced by some members. Grief for previous losses may be triggered
Leadership style
Autocratic def:
- Focus on leader, on whom members are dependent on for problem solving, decision makin and persmission to perform
- Production is high but morale is low
Leadership style
Democratic def:
- Focus is on members, who are encouraged to participate fully in problem solving of group issues, including taking action to effect change.
- Production is somewhat lower than with autocratic leadership, but morale is higher
Leadership style
Laissez-faire def
- There is no focus in this type of leadership
- Goals are undefined, and members do as they’re please
- Productivity and morale are low
What are one of the 3 roles that members may play?
–Task roles: serving to complete the task of the group
–Maintenance roles: maintaining or enhancing group processes
–Individual (personal) roles: fulfilling personal or individual needs
What is the definition of psychodrama?
Defined as type of group therapy that employs a dramatic approach in which clients act in life situation scenarios
How does psychodrama work?
A client is selected to portray a life sitaution as the protagonist. Other members of the group play the roles of people with whom the protagonist has unresolved issues.
Members who do not participate in the drama act are the audience. The group leader is called the director
What is the purpose of psychodrama?
It’s to provide clients with a safe place to confront unresolved conflicts in an effort to progress towards resolution.
What is the goal of family therapy?
To identify and change problematic, maladaptive, self defeating, repetitive relationship patterns
What is the focus of family therapy?
Focus of the treatment is on the family as a unit
A family is viewed as system where the members are interdependent.
How would you go about changing the system?
Change occurs through open and honest communication among all family members. A change in one member will create change in other members.
