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OS > 02 > Flashcards

02 Flashcards

1
Q

____ In Windows, on/off type features of a file or directory.

A

Attributes

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2
Q

_____ Grouping sectors into addressable clusters used by a file system for storing and retrieving disk data

A

High-level format

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3
Q

A disk-partitioning standard part of the UEFI standard replacing the MBR structure.

A

Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) Partition Table (GPT)

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4
Q

An improved method of booting due to its highly secure way of carrying out the boot process, checking the integrity of drivers and OS boot loaders that use verification and initialization of digitally signed code.

A

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

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5
Q

Provides detailed information about the computer hardware and can be altered as the configuration changes.

A

Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)

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6
Q

Encrypted file or directory (NTFS only)

A

Encryption (E)

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7
Q

A sequence of events that begins when a system is powered on and ends once the OS kernel is loaded into memory space and begins executing.

A

Boot process

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8
Q

Protects the file from being over-written or modified.

A

Read-only (R)

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9
Q

A collection of computers sharing common configurations, resources, and security principles that are maintained by a centralized database known as Active Directory.

A

Domain

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10
Q

Hidden from standard directory listings and common users.

A

Hidden (H)

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11
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - UEFI drivers are loaded and executed.

A

Driver Execution Environment (DXE)

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12
Q

An account authenticated by the local machine.

A

Local Account

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13
Q

A centralized server in a Windows network that stores domain account credentials in a database called Active Directory.

A

Domain Controller

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14
Q

Local system database that maintains local account credentials.

A

Security Accounts Manager (SAM)

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15
Q

Microsoft Windows file system supporting multiple OS versions and providing greater enhancements and security than older FAT file systems.

A

New Technology File System (NTFS)

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16
Q

The format present on a new hard drive that creates cylinders, tracks, and sectors.

A

Low-level format

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17
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - Low-level hardware is initialized.

A

Pre-EFI Initialization (PEI)

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18
Q

Accounts automatically created when the OS is installed.

A

Built-In Account

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19
Q

Compressed file or directory (NTFS only)

A

Compression (C)

20
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - A GPT or MBR determination is made based on boot configuration.

A

Boot Device Selection (BDS)

21
Q

Varying values of a file or directory such as name, size, time, date, etc.

A

Properties

22
Q

A Windows account authenticated by a domain controller. Credentials are maintained in a database called Active Directory.

A

Domain Account

23
Q

System file, generally protected from common user access.

A

System (S)

24
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - Depending on the boot device selected, the firmware boots an OS loader, UEFI Shell, or UEFI application.

A

Transient System Load (TSL)

25
Q

Each Windows system is considered to be “standalone” with regards to authentication.

A

Workgroup

26
Q

Firmware for most legacy systems that provides the initial interface between the major hardware components and the OS.

A

BIOS

27
Q

The mechanism by which a system determines the level of access an authenticated user has to system resources, i.e., files and directories.

A

Authorization

28
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - firmware is initialized.

A

Security (SEC)

29
Q

Defines the usable blocks on a disk and the number and size of partition entries that make up the GPT.

A

GPT Header

30
Q

A special type of boot sector at the beginning of a partitioned drive that holds information on how logical partitions are organized.

A

Master Boot Record (MBR)

31
Q

Allows backup programs to know which files to backup.

A

Archive (A)

32
Q

A UEFI boot process phase - UEFI program is cleared from memory and released to the OS.

A

Run Time (RT)

33
Q

Grouping consecutive sectors together to prepare a hard drive for storing a file system.

A

Partitioning

34
Q

WHat is the order for the UFI boot sequence?

A

SPDBTR

35
Q

The first stage of the boot loader is a ___program used to load a second stage containing the OS, to identify the contents of the active partition, the loader loads a ____ byte partition table and verfies its integrity with a _____byte magic number

A

446, 64, 2

36
Q

What is the minimum partitions for GPT/GUID?

A

128 partitions

37
Q

What are the disadvantages of MBR?

A

2 terabyte limit. only 4 primary partitions

38
Q

_____ is a set of instructions embedded into a ROM, PROM, or EPROM that tells the device how to communicate with other hardware and software

A

firmware

39
Q

Can an default administrator account be deleted?

A

NO

40
Q

When you change the Default profile when does these changes affect accounts?

A

When they are fist created

41
Q

What is the variable for the windows folder called?

A

%WindowsRoot%

42
Q

When a file is created, or modified the archive attribute is turned on

A

T/F?

43
Q

What are the events that trigger a system restore?

A

installing an application, installing auto update, restoring from backup, creating a manuel restore point

44
Q

What’s an application log?

A

Contains events logged by non-os and third party applications

45
Q

What’s a security log”:

A

contains audit events that may affect the security of the system, user activities such as logon/logoff, and resource access attempts

46
Q

What log logs OS components reports?

A

system log

47
Q

What type of backups backs up selected files with the archive attribute?

A

differential, incremental

OS (7 decks)

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