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OS > 01 > Flashcards

01 Flashcards

1
Q

The person using a computer or device

A

User

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2
Q

Executable code designed to carry out specific tasks on the computer also referred to as programs or software

A

Application

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3
Q

What are the two parts of system software?

A

OS interface, OS kernel

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4
Q

What is an OS interface?

A

Allows a user to interface with applications

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5
Q

What is an OS kernel?

A

The heart of an OS

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6
Q

What is hardware?

A

the mechinal/electrical components

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7
Q

What is a file system?

A

Defines the way data is named, stored, organized, and accessed.

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8
Q

What is a directory?

A

a container used to organize files and data for useby an os

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9
Q

What is a file?

A

A singular named resource used to store data and information

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10
Q

A ______ is an executing instance of an application

A

process

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11
Q

A _____ is a component of a process scheduled to run by the cpu

A

thread

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12
Q

A _____ is any hardware component or peripheral attached to a computer

A

device

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13
Q

A _____ is a computer program that operates or controls a device attached to a computer

A

device driver

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14
Q

A _____ is used by the OS as an _______ between the high-level programming language of the system and the low-level bits interpreted by the printer’s hardware.

A

device, interpreter

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15
Q

What are the categories of a single user?

A

Single-tasking, Multitasking (only one user performs multiple tasks at a time

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16
Q

What is a multi user?

A

one or more users perform one or more tasks

17
Q

What is a client?

A

Operates on a network allowing a user to connect to another computer (server) to retrieve information

18
Q

What’s is Distributed?

A

one or more tasks are spread among two or more computers

19
Q

What is a cluster?

A

Two or more servers are grouped together, appearing as one system, providing a failover system with load balancing.

20
Q

What is failover?

A

provides redundancy(if one server fails, then another server can take on the burden)

21
Q

What is load balancing?

A

sharing the burden among multiple servers

22
Q

What type of OS uses RISC?

A

Mobile Phones

23
Q

What processer architecture does a personal computer use?

A

x86

24
Q

What are the features of mobile devices?

A

embedded system, few transistors, low cost, low heat, battery powered.

25
Q

What kind of device uses the processor architecture known as ARM?

A

mobile devices

26
Q

What are the features of a personal computer?

A

More transistors, high costs, consumes more power, better interface

27
Q

What is the most used device that access the internet?

A

Phones/tablets

28
Q

_______ Keeps OSs up to date and ensures vulnerabilities are patches as soon as possible

A

Information Assurance (IA)

29
Q

_________ Assurance that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals (need to know)

A

confidentiality

30
Q

_______ Assurance that no unauthorized modification or destruction of information occurred in transit

A

Integrity

31
Q

______ Assurance of reliable access to data and services for authorized users

A

Availability

32
Q

______ Assurance that that data delivery is proven to be from a reliable source

A

non-repudiation

33
Q

______ Assurance of properly verifying a user’s credentials

A

Authentication

34
Q

What is a privileged account in Linux/windows called?

A

Root/Adminstrator

35
Q

________ permissions implemented by an access control list (ACL) An ACL details account permissions to a specific resource as determined by permissions set by the owner of that resource. A side effect is a user could give authorized users admin privileges

A

DAC Directionary Access Control

DAC = ACL

36
Q

__________ policies are set by an administrator using a policy tool

A

MAC Mandatory Access Control

MAC = Toola/Labels

37
Q

________ Access decisions are based on each account’s role or functional position

A

Role-based Acess control RBAC
RBAC = Role

OS (7 decks)

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