01 Means to reduce fatalities/ injuries

Question 1

Exposure and risk graph

Answer 1

Graph parts: Exposed, Injured, Injury risk
x in kmh

Question 2

reduce exposure

Answer 2

Speed reduction
crash prevention
behavior change
transporte mode

Question 3

reduce risks

Answer 3

crashworthiness
occupants motion
impact contact

Question 4

crashworthiness

Answer 4

1. Ability to absorb energy
2. keep occupants compartment intact
3. prospectively + retrospectively analyzing risk

Question 5

Haddons Matrix

Answer 5

Pre-crash In crash Post-crash
Human:
Vehicale
Enviroment

Question 6

Occupant motion with different belts Graph

Answer 6

y: Force
x: time
divide in Belt pre pre tensioner; Belt + pre; only belt
only belt is max
belt + pre is mid
belt + pre +pre is lowest

Question 7

History inventions

Answer 7

1952 crushable zone Barenyi
1959 3 point belt

Question 8

History of casualties in Sweden

Answer 8

Peak: 1960-1970
mini peak: 1990
1966: mandatory vehicle inspection
1967: switch to right hand traffic (increase)
~1975: mandatory seatbelt (decrease)
~1980: use seatbelt and helmet
1990: rear belt and child restraint
airbags
drive education
1,6mm for tyres
2010: reduce conflicts, reduce speed, ABS, ESP, belt reminder

Question 9

Frontcrash: Acceleration, Velocity, Displacement

Answer 9

Acceleration: negative, than positive (kickback), final 0
Velocity: starts positiv, than negative, stays negative near 0
Displacement: starts at 0, than peak, final at positive level under peak

Question 10

Important properties for Dummies (7)

Answer 10

• Anthropometry (maßstabsgerecht dem Mensch)
• Bio-fidelity
• Repeatability
• Reproducibility
• Sensitivity
• Instrumentation
• Durability

Question 11

Percentiles Hybrid III

Answer 11

5% female, 50% male, 95% male

Question 12

Simulation types (2)

Answer 12

MBD- Multi Body Dynamic
FEM- Finite Elements Methode

Question 13

Vision Zero

Answer 13

safe speed; safe vehicles; safe roads; safe behaviors; post collision response