01. Conditions impacting health status

Question 1

Describe heart attack

Answer 1

Occurs when one of the vessels feeding the heart with oxygen becomes blocked

Question 2

Describe stroke

Answer 2

Occurs when blood vessels feeding the brain with oxygen become blocked

Question 3

List two of the main causes of CVD

Answer 3

• high blood cholesterol levels
• high blood pressure
• smoking
• overconsumption of fat in the diet
• lack of physical activity
• high body weight (=strain on the heart)

Question 4

Describe atherosclerosis

Answer 4

The build up of plaque on blood vessel walls, hardening blood vessels, making it harder for blood to get through.

Question 5

What is diabetes?

Answer 5

A metabolic disease which leads to high blood glucose levels from defective insulin secretion, insulin action or both.

Question 6

List the three types of diabetes

Answer 6

Type 1
Type 2
Gestational

Question 7

Describe Type 1 diabetes

Answer 7

An autoimmune condition in which the pancreas does not produce insulin to regulate blood glucose levels

Question 8

Describe Type 2 diabetes

Answer 8

Insulin resistance develops over a long period of time; insulin is increasingly ineffective at regulating the blood glucose levels.

Question 9

Describe gestational diabetes

Answer 9

A form of diabetes that can occur during pregnancy; hormones produced by the placenta block the action of insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.

Question 10

Describe lung cancer

Answer 10

Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cells can eventually prevent healthy cells from transferring oxygen to the blood cells.

Question 11

Describe Asthma

Answer 11

A chronic condition that affects the small air passages of the lungs. When exposed to certain triggers the airways narrow, making it difficult to breathe.

Question 12

Describe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 12

Progressive, long term lung diseases where damage to the lungs obstructs oxygen intake making breathing difficult.
Two most common forms are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Question 13

List two examples of COPD

Answer 13

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis

Question 14

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 14

Porous bones; bone density decreases which then decreases the strength of the bone, increasing risk of fractures.

Question 15

What is dementia?

Answer 15

An umbrella term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life. Characterized by a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain, it is not one specific disease.

Question 16

What is Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 16

The most common type of dementia characterised by a progressive and irreversible loss of brain function. As brain deteriorates, it interferes with normal behavior patterns, thinking, memory, language and speech.

Question 17

What is Cardiovascular Disease?

Answer 17

All diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Caused mainly by reduced blood supply to the heart, brain and legs (usually caused by atherosclerosis).

Question 18

Occurs when one of the vessels feeding the heart with oxygen becomes completely blocked

Answer 18

Heart Attack

Question 19

Occurs when blood vessels feeding the brain with oxygen becomes blocked

Answer 19

Stroke

Question 20

Smoking, high dietary fat intake, lack of physical activity, high body weight are all causes of what condition?

Answer 20

Cardiovascular Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation

Question 21

The build up of plaque on blood vessel walls, hardening and narrowing blood vessels, making it harder for blood to get through.

Answer 21

Atherosclerosis

Question 22

A metabolic disease which leads to high blood glucose levels from defective insulin secretion, insulin action or both.

Answer 22

Diabetes

Question 23

Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational are all types of what condition?

Answer 23

Diabetes

Question 24

An autoimmune condition in which the pancreas does not produce insulin

Answer 24

Type 1 diabetes

Question 25

Insulin resistance develops over a long period of time; insulin is increasingly ineffective at regulating the blood glucose levels.

Answer 25

Type 2 diabetes

Question 26

A form of diabetes that can occur during pregnancy; hormones produced by the placenta block the action of insulin to regulate blood glucose levels.

Answer 26

Gestational diabetes

Question 27

Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. These cells can eventually prevent healthy cells from transferring oxygen to the blood cells.

Answer 27

Lung cancer

Question 28

A chronic condition that affects the small air passages of the lungs. When exposed to certain triggers the airways narrow, making it difficult to breathe.

Answer 28

Asthma

Question 29

Progressive, long term lung diseases where damage to the lungs obstructs oxygen intake making breathing difficult. Two most common forms are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Answer 29

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation

Question 30

Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are examples of what condition?

Answer 30

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - as it IS your answer you cannot use abbreviation

Question 31

Porous bones; bone density decreases which then decreases the strength of the bone increasing risk of fractures.

Answer 31

Osteoporosis

Question 32

An umbrella term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life. Characterized by a collection of symptoms that are caused by disorders affecting the brain, it is not one specific disease.

Answer 32

Dementia

Question 33

A progressive and irreversible loss of brain function. As brain deteriorates, it interferes with normal behavior patterns, thinking, memory, language and speech.

Answer 33

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 34

Describe emphysema

Answer 34

long term damage to the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs)

Question 35

Describe chronic bronchitis

Answer 35

Reoccurring, long term inflammation of bronchial tubes (tubes that carry air into the lungs)