0 Star Difficulty p.2 Flashcards

1
Q

The three primary components of discrete trial teaching are always which of the following?
a) Instruction, response and reinforcement
b) Instruction, response and punishment
c) Instruction, response and feedback
d) Prompt, response and feedback

A

c) Instruction, response and feedback
(9A)

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2
Q

In a conventional approach, arranging the stimulus array in a pre-determined order in which each stimulus is equally distributed among all possible conditions is known as which of the following?
a) Counterbalancing
b) Stimulus placement control
c) Placement control
d) Pre-determined placement

A

a) Counterbalancing
(9A)

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3
Q

In the APM, stimulus placement is determined by which of the following?
a) The start of the session
b) Supervision notes
c) A variety of variables on each trial
d) A set protocol

A

c) A variety of variables on each trial
(9A)

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4
Q

What is one potential problem with saying “look at me” prior to providing an instruction?
a) Can only be implemented in 1:1 instruction
b) Can artificially prompt attending
c) Can only be implemented with discrete trial teaching
d) Can only be implemented with incidental teaching

A

b) Can artificially prompt attending
(9A)

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5
Q

Within APM, what is one guideline to establishing attending?
a) Targeting attending through shaping only
b) Rarely targeting attending
c) Stating the learners name
d) Targeting attending programmatically

A

d) Targeting attending programmatically
(9A)

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6
Q

When providing an instruction in a conventional method, the technician should provide which of the following?
a) Multiple instructions
b) Only simple instructions
c) A carrier phrase on each instruction
d) Instructions multiple times

A

b) Only simple instructions
(9B)

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7
Q

With respect to developing attending, the APM emphasizes the use of which of the following?
a) Multiple types of instructions
b) Simple instructions
c) Overly complex instructions
d) The same instruction repeatedly

A

a) Multiple types of instructions
(9B)

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8
Q

What is the ideal timing of a prompt during discrete trial teaching?
a) Immediately after the instruction
b) Prior to the instruction
c) Immediately after the behaviour
d) Anytime

A

d) Anytime
(9B)

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9
Q

What is one potential problem with short intertrial intervals?
a) No sensitivity to data collection
b) Allowing engagement in stereotypic behaviours
c) Decreasing generalization
d) Artificially creating attending

A

d) Artificially creating attending
(9B)

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10
Q

What is the philosophy on corrective feedback within the APM?
a) Should be avoided for most
b) Should always be used
c) Should not be blindly avoided
d) Should be used sparingly

A

c) Should not be blindly avoided
(9B)

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11
Q

What instructional formats are appropriate for the use of DTT in APM?
a) 1:1, small groups and large groups
b) 1:1 and small groups
c) 1:1 and large groups
d) Small and large groups

A

a) 1:1, small groups and large groups
(9B)

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12
Q

Targeting all steps of the task analysis simultaneously is known as which of the following?
a) Discrimination training
b) Forward chaining
c) Backward chaining
d) Total task

A

d) Total task
(10D)

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13
Q

Targeting each step of a task analysis individually starting with the last step is referred to as which of the following?
a) Discrimination chaining
b) Forward chaining
c) Backward chaining
d) Total task

A

c) Backward chaining
(10D)

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14
Q

Targeting each step of a task analysis individually starting with the first step is referred to as which of the following?
a) Discrimination chaining
b) Forward chaining
c) Backward chaining
d) Total task

A

b) Forward chaining
(10D)

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15
Q

Breaking a skill down into its component steps is known as which of the following?
a) Task analysis
b) Chaining
c) Discrimination training
d) Conditional training

A

a) Task analysis
(10D)

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16
Q

(might not be on exam)
A program used to teach learners to make social discriminations is known as which of the following?
a) Teaching Interaction Procedure
b) Cool versus Not Cool
c) Social skills groups
d) Video modeling

A

b) Cool versus Not Cool
(11A)

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17
Q

(might not be on exam)
During role-plays within Cool versus Not Cool, the learner should display which of the following?
a) Correct behaviour only
b) Incorrect behaviour only
c) Correct and incorrect behaviour
d) Role-plays should not be used

A

a) Correct behaviour only
(11A)

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18
Q

(might not be on exam)
When teachers model not cool behaviour, they should display which of the following?
a) Any inappropriate behaviours that fit the definition
b) The inappropriate behaviours that the learner is currently displaying
c) One inappropriate behaviour
d) Multiple inappropriate behaviours

A

b) The inappropriate behaviours that the learner is currently displaying
(11A)

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19
Q

The Teaching Interaction Procedure differs from Behavioural Skills Training in which way(s)?
a) The inclusion of a meaningful rationale and not cool demonstration
b) The inclusion of only a not cool demonstration
c) The exclusion of a meaningful rationale and not cool
d) The exclusion of only a not cool demonstration

A

a) The inclusion of a meaningful rationale and not cool demonstration
(11C)

20
Q

An opportunity for three or more children to come together and simultaneously learn social behaviours is known as which of the following?
a) Social skills group
b) Social observation practice
c) Group instructional setting
d) Group format

A

a) Social skills group
(12A)

21
Q

According to researchers, what was one area of research needed for social skill groups?
a) The inclusion of older children
b) The use of blind evaluators
c) The inclusion of more impacted students
d) The use of single subject designs

A

b) The use of blind evaluators
(12A)

22
Q

What reinforcement system was used in Leaf et al. (2016) (i.e. The penguin study)?
a) Magic number
b) Competitive token economy
c) Level system
d) Secret reinforcement

A

c) Level system
(12A)

23
Q

What were the results of Leaf et al. (2016) (i.e. The penguin study)?
a) Moderate improvement in social behaviour
b) No improvement in social behaviour
c) Minimal improvement in social behaviour
d) Statistical improvement in social behaviour

A

d) Statistical improvement in social behaviour
(12A)

24
Q

In the APM, siblings are ___ used within social skill groups.
a) frequently
b) sometimes
c) not
d) always

A

c) not
(12B)

25
Q

The SSIS, SRS and ABC are examples of which?
a) Informal assessments
b) Behavioural assessments
c) Formal assessments
d) Direct assessments

A

c) Formal assessments
(12B)

26
Q

One of the final stages of contingency systems within a social skills group is:
a) a group token economy
b) self-management
c) tangible reinforcement
d) an individual token economy

A

b) self-management
(12B)

27
Q

Which of the following is an approach that involves targeting specific behaviours within an ongoing activity?
a) Video modeling
b) First and then strategies
c) Activity schedules
d) Embedded instruction

A

d) Embedded instruction
(12B)

28
Q

In the APM, which procedure(s) should be implemented within social skill groups?
a) Discrete trial teaching and Cool versus not Cool procedures
b) Discrete trial teaching and equivalence-based instruction
c) Cool versus not cool and equivalence-based instruction
d) Cool versus not cool and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

A

a) Discrete trial teaching and Cool versus not Cool procedures
(12B)

29
Q

When behaviour is moving downward on a graph, it is known as which of the following?
a) Predictability
b) Variability
c) Increasing trend
d) Decreasing trend

A

d) Decreasing trend
(13D)

30
Q

When behaviour is moving upward on a graph, it is known as which of the following?
a) Predictability
b) Variability
c) Increasing trend
d) Decreasing trend

A

c) Increasing trend
(13D)

31
Q

Graphs should be displayed in which of the following colours?
a) Gray scale
b) Red/blue
c) Green/yellow
d) Any colour

A

a) Gray scale
(13D)

32
Q

Which of the following is one important component of a session note?
a) Signature of client
b) Social validity
c) Objective descriptions
d) Anecdotal reports

A

c) Objective descriptions
(13E)

33
Q

Which of the following is another important component of a session note?
a) Signature of caregiver
b) Social validity
c) Signature of client
d) Anecdotal reports

A

a) Signature of caregiver
(13E)

34
Q

The scope of education includes which of the following?
a) Academic and social needs
b) Emotional needs
c) Academic, social and emotional needs
d) Academic needs

A

c) Academic, social and emotional needs
(14C)

35
Q

Which of the following is NOT a reason why social skills are important for individuals diagnosed with ASD?
a) Improvements in language skills
b) Improvements in friendship formation
c) Improvements in self-help skills
d) Improvements in school performance

A

c) Improvements in self-help skills
(14C)

36
Q

Which of the following is a potential reason social skills are not often a priority?
a) Difficult to measure
b) Difficult to teach
c) Difficult to identify
d) Difficult to validate

A

b) Difficult to teach
(14C)

37
Q

Teaching skills for a learner to demonstrate an awareness of the environment as it relates to social skills and pro-social relationships falls under which domain of the social skills taxonomy?
a) Social communication
b) Social awareness
c) Social relatedness
d) Social learning

A

b) Social awareness
(14C)

38
Q

Interrupting, persuasion and implying would fall under this domain in the social skills taxonomy.
a) Social communication
b) Social relatedness
c) Social learning
d) Social interaction

A

a) Social communication
(14C)

39
Q

One component of a skill acquisition plan should be a(n):
a) operational definition
b) parents signature
c) supervisor signature
d) individualized pre-requisites

A

a) operational definition
(14F)

40
Q

Which of the following is a component of effective education?
a) Functional equivalence
b) Focus on academics
c) Focus on language
d) Functional goals

A

d) Functional goals
(15A)

41
Q

This type of shadowing involves providing assistance when needed and fading assistance when not needed.
a) Rubber band
b) Helicopter
c) As needed
d) Ineffective

A

a) Rubber band
(15D)

42
Q

During group instruction a shadow should NOT:
a) plan for the next activity
b) take data
c) provide backup reinforcement
d) intervene unless necessary

A

d) intervene unless necessary
(15D)

43
Q

Which of the following is a concern with trying multiple treatments?
a) Reduction in intensity of intervention
b) Parent dissatisfaction with the intervention
c) Learner dissatisfaction with the use of multiple treatments
d) Dangers associated with collaboration outside of behaviour analysis

A

a) Reduction in intensity of intervention
(16A)

44
Q

Promoting quick and high levels of success is a hallmark of which?
a) Pseudoscience
b) Science
c) Antiscience
d) Empirical support

A

a) Pseudoscience
(16A)

45
Q

Repeated demonstrations are a hallmark of which of the following?
a) Pseudoscience
b) Science
c) Antiscience
d) Artistry

A

b) Science
(16A)

46
Q

Ethics are:
a) not black and white
b) black and white
c) easy
d) straight forward

A

a) not black and white
(16B)