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生物 > 生理 > Flashcards

生理 Flashcards

1
Q

排卵前體溫降低

A

動情素

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2
Q

排卵後體溫升高

A

黃體素

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3
Q

排卵後身體腫脹

A

動情素

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4
Q

停經後 動情素 主要由____分泌的雄性激素經由____細胞轉換而成

A

腎上腺

濾泡膜Theca cell

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5
Q

穆勒氏管發育為

A

女生

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6
Q

腎 阻力最大

A

出球小動脈

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7
Q

成年人腎絲球過濾率

A

125ml/min

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8
Q

集尿管

A

位於腎錐體

不是腎元

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9
Q

腎元

A

腎小管+腎絲球

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10
Q

血管加壓素再吸收水機制

A

增加集尿管內膜外側上水通道數量

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11
Q

吞噬外來細菌

A

嗜中性球

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12
Q

口咽側壁的淋巴組織

鼻咽側壁的淋巴組織

A

腭扁桃

咽扁桃

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13
Q

天然殺手細胞
分泌？
攻擊？

A

穿孔素 顆粒酶

受感染細胞和癌細胞

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14
Q

被病毒感染的細胞產生的蛋白質

A

干擾素

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15
Q

抑制B細胞 引起自體免疫

A

調節T細胞引起

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16
Q

過敏反應

A
  1. 立即型 IgE
  2. 溶血
  3. 自體免疫
  4. 遲發型
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17
Q

B cell

A

IgM IgD

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18
Q

類毒素

A

白喉 破傷風

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19
Q

減毒活菌

A

卡介苗 沙賓

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20
Q

死菌

A 
百日咳
日本腦炎
傷寒
霍亂
沙克
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21
Q

SA node 位於

A

上腔靜脈 右心房

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22
Q

傳導最慢

A

AV node

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23
Q

臍靜脈閉鎖退化成

A

肝圓韌帶

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24
Q

右心房血壓上升

A

班布吉反射

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25
Q

血管收縮

A 
NE EP
ADH
RAA sys 
Serotonin 
Endothelin 內皮素
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26
Q

巨核細胞於？分化

A

骨髓

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27
Q

嗜鹼性球由？分化而成

A

骨髓母細胞

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28
Q

血管舒張

A

NO
Histamine
PG
Bradykinin

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29
Q

正常成年人腦脊髓液量？

A

80～150mL

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30
Q

法蘭克-史達林定律

A

心搏量與心舒末期成正比

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31
Q

阻力性血管

A

小動脈

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32
Q

肺動脈壓

A

25/10

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33
Q

卵圓孔出生後退化成

A

卵圓窩 窩在右心房

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34
Q

心室靜止膜電位

A

-80mV

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35
Q

造血

A

懷孕3-8週：卵黃囊
9週-出生：肝
出生以後：紅骨髓

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36
Q

成年人每100ml的血漿中 有？克蛋白質

A

5.5-8

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37
Q

肝素由？白血球製造

A

嗜鹼性

38
Q

Digoxin 作用機轉

A

抑制Na-K ATPase

細胞內鈣離子上升

39
Q

冠狀循環的血流量

A

200-250ml/min

由心肌氧氣消耗來調節

40
Q

休息時 ？器官血流量最高

A

腎臟

41
Q

容血性血管

A

靜脈

42
Q

門脈循環

A

肝臟與消化道之間

43
Q

中度運動時

A

周邊總阻力下降

內臟血流量下降

44
Q

血液滲透壓

A

300moms/L

45
Q

唾液分泌量

A

1000-1500ml/day

46
Q

肝三連物

A

膽管 肝動脈 肝門靜脈

47
Q

血基質分解後的代謝物質

A

膽紅素 Fe2+ 一氧化碳

48
Q

抑制性神經傳導物質

A

GABA

Gly

49
Q

興奮性神經傳導物質

A

Asp
Glu
Ach
Substance P

50
Q

K+平衡電位

=神經膜電位

A

-90mV

51
Q

閾值電位

A

-70mV

52
Q

Na+平衡電位

A

+60mV

53
Q

C fiber

A

無髓鞘 不會跳躍 傳導最慢 連續性傳導

54
Q

NE製造

A

Tyr➡️dopa➡️dopamine➡️NE

55
Q

NE清除

A

MAO

COMT

56
Q

Ach清除

A

乙醯膽鹼酯酶

57
Q

骨骼肌休息時能量來自

A

脂肪酸

58
Q

骨骼肌快肌與慢肌速率差異因

A

ATP水解酶活性

59
Q

觸覺受器

A

梅氏

60
Q

壓覺受器

A

巴尼氏

61
Q

冷覺受器

A

庫氏

62
Q

中央凹黃斑

A

只有錐細胞

視覺最敏銳

63
Q

盲點

A

視神經盤離開眼球的位置

64
Q

瞳孔縮小

明亮環境

A

副交感的動眼神經
環狀肌收縮
輻射狀肌舒張

65
Q

唾液分泌

A

副交感的顏面神經

66
Q

心跳變慢

A

副交感的迷走神經

67
Q

半規管毛細胞

受？淋巴液刺激

A

內淋巴液

68
Q

大腦皮質

A

外灰內白

69
Q

大腦基底核
位於？
顏色？
功能？

A

位於內白質
但呈現灰色
學習運動步驟的中心

70
Q

清醒的網狀致活系統位於

A

腦幹的中腦

71
Q

細胞本體的顏色

A

灰色

72
Q

髓鞘顏色

A

白色

73
Q

內臟反射中樞

A

延腦

74
Q

下視丘功能

A

飢餓
口渴
睡眠
體溫

75
Q

體溫調節中樞位於

A

下視丘後葉
後葉又分
前側-副交感散熱
後側-交感產熱

76
Q

？分泌renin

與降血壓 電解質恆定有關

A

入球小動脈附近的近腎絲球細胞

人球小動脈特化JG cell

77
Q

血管加壓素
=抗利尿激素
英文？功能？製造？

A

Vasopressin =ADH
滲透壓降低 升血壓
下視丘視上核製造
送到腦垂體後葉儲存分泌

78
Q

醛固酮

英文？分泌？功能？

A

Aldosterone
腎上腺皮質分泌
留鈉排鉀
促進鹽水再吸收 升血壓

79
Q

符合全或無定律

肌？

A

肌細胞 肌絲 神經元

80
Q

肌肉

不符合全或無

A

因為可加成

強直收縮

81
Q

胞衣組成

A

胎盤+胚外膜

82
Q

臍帶組成

A

羊膜包裹卵黃囊和尿囊

83
Q

臍帶血管

A

二動（缺氧血 養分低

一靜（充氧血 養分高

84
Q

胎盤組成

A

母體子宮內膜+胎兒絨毛膜

85
Q

懷孕前兩個月黃體分泌？

A

黃體素+動情素
三個月後黃體退化
由胎盤接管分泌

86
Q

HCG似？

A

LH

維持母體的黃體

87
Q

胎兒器官形成

A

第一個三月期

腦與脊髓

88
Q

避孕藥

利用負回饋 使濾泡不能成熟

A

P阻斷LH 因此阻斷排卵

E抑制FSH分泌 故沒新濾泡產生

89
Q

腎小管上皮

A

單層立方

90
Q

眼球轉動用到的神經

A

346

生物 (7 decks)

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