生物技術 Flashcards

1
Q

RNase H

A

建構cDNA庫

切mRNA的酵素

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2
Q

STS

序列標誌部位

A

在基因庫裡的已知序列

當作基因體定序的界標

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3
Q

EST

可表現序列標籤

A

基因庫的cDNA可在任意位置部分定序

為一種有用的sts類型

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4
Q

RFLP

限制片段長度多型性

A

限制位可遺傳 是一種遺傳標記
1.鹼基多型性 SNP
2.長度多型性
仰賴南方轉印法

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5
Q

STR

短序列重複

A

人別鑑定

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6
Q

Paralogs

A

同種同源

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7
Q

Orthologs

A

異種同源

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8
Q

切割dna並製造出具有黏性端限制片段的酵素

A

限制酶

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9
Q

細菌的限制(性核酸內切)酶

A

為了保護細菌自身DNA 免於被噬菌體攻擊 降解進入細胞的噬菌體(病毒)DNA

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10
Q

基因轉殖步驟

A

限制酶切割目標基因
限制酶對載體做切割
目標基因與載體結合
感染至宿主

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11
Q

PCR步驟

A

加熱至90度使兩股DNA 分離作為模板
冷卻至60度使引子與模板DNA 配對
聚合酶將核苷酸依序加入引子上
DNA 由兩股變成四股

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12
Q

載體

A

通常是質體或病毒DNA

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13
Q

黏合酶

A

將選殖載體與選殖DNA連結 成為重組型DNA

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14
Q

反轉錄酶

A

將RNA->DNA

使真核細胞的基因能在原核中表現

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15
Q

全能幹細胞

可獨立發育成完整個體

A

受精卵

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16
Q

多能幹細胞

分化成外中內胚層

A

胚胎幹細胞

17
Q

複能幹細胞

分化出大於兩種

A

造血幹細胞

間葉幹細胞

18
Q

單能幹細胞

只能分化成單一種類

A

肌肉中的肌細胞

B T cell

19
Q

RFLP

限制位多型性

A

限制位可遺傳
可當作一種遺傳標記
南方轉印

20
Q

桃莉羊

A

與提供「體細胞」的親代基因相同

將乳腺細胞移入去核的卵中

21
Q

桃莉羊的重大發現

A

已分化細胞仍具有所有的遺傳訊息

並有去分化的可能

22
Q

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

A

根瘤土壤桿菌