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OCTOBER > संयुक्त राष्ट्र > Flashcards

संयुक्त राष्ट्र Flashcards

1
Q

United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in

A

1945

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2
Q

___ is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, as an inter-governmental organization

A

The UN Charter of 1945

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3
Q

The name “United Nations”, coined by United States President:

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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4
Q

The forerunner of the United Nations was the :

A

League of Nations
* an organization conceived in circumstances of the First World War
* established in 1919
* under the Treaty of Versailles

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5
Q

___ was also created in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League

A

International Labour Organization (ILO)

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6
Q

A document called ____ was signed in ___ by 26 nations, pledging their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers (Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis) and bound them against making a separate peace

A

The Declaration by United Nations , 1942

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7
Q

The UN Charter of 1945 was signed in

A

United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945) , San Fransissco

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8
Q

How many components of UN are there?

A
  • General Assembly,
  • Security Council,
  • Economic and Social Council
  • Trusteeship Council,
  • International Court of Justice,
  • UN Secretariat.

All the 6 were established in 1945 when the UN was founded

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9
Q

Which is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN.?

A

The General Assembly

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10
Q

Which is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN.?

A

The General Assembly

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11
Q

Who is the current President of UNGA?

A

Csaba Kőrösi, President - 77th

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12
Q

Tenure of UNGA President

A

1 year

Previous(76th) was Abdulla Shahid

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13
Q

Which has primary responsibility, under the UN Charter, for the maintenance of international peace and security.?

A

Security Council

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14
Q

The Security Council is made up of ___ member states

A

15
* Five Permanent members—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States
* Ten Non-Permanent - elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly on a regional basis

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15
Q

India, for the ___ time, entered the UNSC as a non-permanent member in ??

A

EIGHT , 2021

for the year : 2021-2022

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16
Q

____ refers to the power of the permanent member to veto (Reject) any resolution of Security Council

A

Veto power

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17
Q

____ is the principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as implementation of internationally agreed development goals

A

Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

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18
Q

How many committee , org. etc come under Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)?

A

Sab bhai sab , jo jitna soch skte ho
(WHI , IMF , WB, WIPO , IMO , Human right ,ILO …… sab bc sab iske andar h)

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19
Q

TrusteeShip Council was made under

A

UN Charter, under Chapter XIII

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20
Q

Which is a non-self-governing territory placed under an administrative authority by the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations?

A

Trust territory

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21
Q

The Trusteeship Council suspended operation on

A

1 November 1994

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22
Q

___ is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations

A

International Court of Justice

began work in April 1946

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23
Q

The ICJ is the successor of the

A

Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)

was established by the League of Nations in 1920

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24
Q

____ lists the negotiation, enquiry, mediation etc. methods for the pacific settlement of disputes between States

A

Article 33 of the United Nations Charter

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25
Q

Who was entrusted with preparing a draft Statute for the future international court of justice in 1945?

A

G.H. Hackworth (United States) committee

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26
Q

the International Court of Justice, meeting for the first time, elected as its President

A

Juudge José Gustavo Guerrero (El Salvador)

last President of the PCIJ tha

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27
Q

Indian Judges at the ICJ

A
  • Judge Dalveer Bhandari: Member of the Court since 27 April 2012
  • Raghunandan Swarup Pathak: 1989-1991
  • Nagendra Singh: 1973-1988
  • Sir Benegal Rau: 1952-1953
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28
Q

The ____ comprises the ____ and tens of thousands of international UN staff members who carry out the day-to-day work of the UN as mandated by the General Assembly and the Organization’s other principal organs.

A

Secretariat , Secretary-General

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29
Q

Who is chief administrative officer of the Organization?

A

The Secretary-General
* appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council
* for a five-year, renewable term

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30
Q

Current Secretary General

A

Antonio Guterres as the 9th UN Secretary General (UNSG)

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31
Q

Which was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children and mothers in countries that had been devastated by World War II?

A

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

originally known: UN International Children’s Emergency Fund

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32
Q

When did United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund renamed as UNICEF?

A

1953

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33
Q

UNICEF became a permanent part of the United Nations in

A

1953

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34
Q

UNICEF was awarded NOBEL in

A

Nobel Prize for Peace in 1965 for “promotion of brotherhood among the nations”

Headquarters: New York City

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35
Q

UNICEF began its work in India in

A

1949

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36
Q

Which is the United Nations sexual and reproductive health agency?

A

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

formerly called the United Nations Fund for Population Activities

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37
Q

UNFPA works directly to tackle Sustainable Development Goals on

A

health (SDG3), education (SDG4) and gender equality (SDG5)

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38
Q

When was UNFPA established?

A
  • in 1967
  • began operations in 1969
  • In 1987, it was officially renamed the United Nations Population Fund
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39
Q

Which is the UN’s global development network?

A

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

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40
Q

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was established in

A

1965 by the General Assembly

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41
Q

UNDP publishes

A

Human Development Index

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41
Q

UNDP publishes

A

Human Development Index

42
Q

Which is the world’s highest-level decision-making body on the environment?

A

United Nations Environment Assembly
* was created in June 2012,
* during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, also referred to as RIO+20

43
Q

Whichs a global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development within the United Nations system?

A

United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment)

Headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya

44
Q

____is the United Nations programme working towards a better urban future.

A

United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)

HQ : NAirobi , Kenya

45
Q

United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) was established in ___ as an outcome of the:

A

1978
* First UN Conference on Human Settlements and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat I) in Vancouver, Canada, in 1976

46
Q

____ is the leading humanitarian organization saving lives and changing lives, delivering food assistance in emergencies and working with communities to improve nutrition and build resilience

A

World Food Programme (WFP)

47
Q

World Food Programme (WFP) was established by whom and when?

A

1963 by the FAO (The Food and Agriculture Organization) and the United Nations General Assembly

48
Q

Which is an initiative of the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)?

A

ShareTheMeal

The app was launched in 2015

WFP has been working in India since 1963

49
Q

WFP has been awarded with the

A

Nobel Prize for Peace 2020

50
Q

India signed an agreement with the WFP for the distribution of____ that it has committed to sending to Afghanistan as part of a humanitarian assistance. Name it

A

Wheat Agreement: 50,000 MT of wheat

51
Q

Which is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.?

A

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
* created In Quebec City, Canada
* in 1945
* based in Rome (Italy)

52
Q

World Food Day is celebrated every year on

A

16 October

53
Q

India released a commemorative coin of ___ denomination to mark the 75th Anniversary of the FAO (16th October 2020)

54
Q

Who provides the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth?

A

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
* was established in 1944
* under Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention)
* headquartered in Montreal, Canada

55
Q

Which is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social justice and promote decent work by setting international labour standards?

A

International Labour Organization (ILO)
* was created in 1919
* Treaty of Versailles
* became the first United Nations specialized agency in 1946
* HQ: Geneva , Swtitzerland

56
Q

International Labour Organization (ILO) Received the Nobel Peace Prize in

57
Q

____ promotes application of an essential principle on which the International Labour Organization (ILO) was founded

A

Convention 144,1976
* also known as the Convention on Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards)

58
Q

Which is the United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships?

A

International Maritime Organization
* in 17 March 1948
* HQ : London, United Kingdom

59
Q

Which is regarded as the most crucial treaty regarding safety at sea.?

A

IMO’s treaty, International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea

60
Q

India joined the IMO in

61
Q

Which is aimed at ensuring that ships being recycled after reaching the end of their operational lives do not pose any unnecessary risks to human health, safety and the environment?

A

Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships

IMO adopted the Hong Kong Convention in 2009 , not yet in force

62
Q

Which is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies (ICT)?

A

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
* was founded in 1865
* HQ : Geneva, Switzerland

63
Q

___ promotes industrial development for poverty reduction, inclusive globalisation and environmental sustainability

A

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
* HQ : Vienna, Austria.
* established in 1966

64
Q

Which is the United Nations’ specialized agency for health?

A

World Health Organization (WHO)
* established in 1948
* HQ : Geneva , Switzerland
* began functioning on April 7, 1948

65
Q

World Health Day

65
Q

World Health Day

66
Q

Which is WHO’s decision-making body attended by delegations from all of WHO’s member states?

A

World Health Assembly (WHA)

67
Q

India became a party to the WHO on

A

12 January 1948

68
Q

?? identifies diseases and pathogens that have the potential to cause a public health emergency but lack effective treatments and vaccines.

A

WHO’s R&D Blueprint

69
Q

Who supports developing countries to access the benefits of a globalized economy more fairly and effectively & helps to use trade, investment, finance, and technology as vehicles for inclusive and sustainable development?

A

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
* established in 1964
* headquartered at Geneva in Switzerland

70
Q

Which is a global leader in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime?

A

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
* established in 1997
* is merger of United Nations Drug Control Programme and the Centre for International Crime Prevention
*

71
Q

International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is celebrated every year on

72
Q

Who was created during the aftermath of the Second World War, to help millions of Europeans who had fled or lost their homes?

A

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
* created in 1950

73
Q

UNHCR won the Nobel :

A
  • In 1954, UNHCR won the Nobel Peace Prize for its groundbreaking work in Europe
  • In 1981, it received a second Nobel Peace Prize
74
Q

WHo define the term ‘refugee’ and outlines the rights of refugees, as well as the legal obligations of States to protect them?

A

The 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol

by UNHRC

75
Q

Which is the main economic and social development centre of the UN in the Asia and Pacific?

A

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)
* Established: 1947
* Headquarters: Bangkok, Thailand

76
Q

What has been ratified by 146 States, which commits to prevent and punish actions of genocide in war and in peacetime?

A

1948 Genocide Convention

77
Q

____ is known as the ““Uniting for peace resolution”” , was adopted in (?)

A

UN General Assembly resolution 377(V) in 1950

78
Q

____ is known as the ““Uniting for peace resolution”” , was adopted in (?)

A

UN General Assembly resolution 377(V) in 1950

79
Q

The first United Nations conference on the environment

A

Stockholm, 1972

80
Q

The first world conference on women

A

Mexico City, 1985

81
Q

first international conference on human rights

A

Teheran, 1968

82
Q

first world population conference

A

Bucharest, 1974

83
Q

first world climate conference

A

Geneva, 1979

84
Q

____ has helped to enact dozens of legally binding agreements on political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights

A

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

UN General Assembly adopted UDHR in 1948

85
Q

The ____ , ratified by 189 countries, has helped to promote the rights of women worldwide

A

1979 UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

86
Q

___ which has gained nearly universal acceptance, provides the legal framework for all activities in the oceans and seas

A

1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea

87
Q

___ is a Regional Institute of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) with a geographic focus of the entire Asia-Pacific region

A

Asian and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology (APCTT)

founded in 1977 at New Delhi

88
Q

The first ILO Office in India started in

89
Q

____ is to transform education policies and practices by developing innovative teaching and learning methods

A

UNESCO - Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development (MGIEP)

works for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7

(SDG) 4.7 – “education for building peaceful and sustainable societies across the world”

90
Q

The first review of SDGs (4.7) by MGIEP, was released in

A

Rethinking Schooling for the 21st century

91
Q

A project ____ was launched by UNESCO-MGIEP with the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education in 2016-17

A

‘Rethinking Schooling’

92
Q

A project ____ was launched by UNESCO-MGIEP with the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education in 2016-17

A

‘Rethinking Schooling’

93
Q

?? has won United Nations (UN) Award for excellence in promoting investments in sustainable development-2018

A

Invest India

94
Q

?? was elected the first woman President of the UN General Assembly

A

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit , in 1953

95
Q

?? grant the P5 (5 permanent members) veto over any amendments to the Charter, requiring them to approve of any modifications to the UNSC veto power that they themselves hold

A

Articles 108 and 109 of the United Nations Charter

96
Q

International Equality Day

97
Q

International Yoga Day

98
Q

International day of non-violence

99
Q

____ is designed to promote its members’ collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations

A

Group of 77 (G-77)
* established on 15 June 1964
* by signing “Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Developing Countries”

101
Q

UN Security Council renews mandate of assistance mission for :

A

Iraq , named as : UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)
* under Resolution 2631
* till May 31, 2023

102
Q

The exercise will entail the conduct of counter terror operations under the United Nations mandate by a joint force against international terror groups for India ad Russia

A

Exercise Indra

the first joint Tri-Services Exercise was conducted in 2017

The INDRA series of exercises began in 2003

OCTOBER (149 decks)

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