المحاضره الثالثه

Question 1

What are the determinants of health?

Answer 1

Factors that influence the health of individuals and society

Determinants of health include various factors such as heredity, environment, lifestyle, socio-economic conditions, health services, gender, and other health-related services.

Question 2

Which factors affect the health of an individual?

Answer 2

• Heredity
• Environment
• Lifestyle
• Socio-economic condition
• Health services
• Gender
• Other health-related services

These factors can exist within the individual or the society.

Question 3

How does heredity influence health?

Answer 3

Determines health from the moment of conception

Genetic make-up cannot be altered and can lead to diseases like diabetes, hemophilia, and mental retardation.

Question 4

True or False: Genetic make-up can be altered.

Answer 4

False

Genetic make-up is fixed and cannot be changed.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Diseases like diabetes, hemophilia, and mental retardation have _______ origin.

Answer 5

genetic

These diseases are examples of conditions influenced by hereditary factors.

Question 6

What does the internal environment refer to?

Answer 6

Each and every tissue, organ, and system of the body

Internal environment is inside the body.

Question 7

What is the external environment?

Answer 7

The physical, biological, and psychological components to which an individual is exposed

Examples include insects, bacteria, air, water, and animals.

Question 8

What does lifestyle encompass?

Answer 8

The way people live, including:
* Ways of living
* Personal hygiene
* Habits
* Behavior

Lifestyle choices can significantly impact health.

Question 9

What characterizes a good lifestyle?

Answer 9

Health food, sound sleep, regular exercise

Positive lifestyle choices contribute to overall well-being.

Question 10

What are examples of a bad lifestyle?

Answer 10

Smoking, alcoholism, irregular sleep

Negative lifestyle choices can lead to health issues.

Question 11

How does income affect access to medical advice?

Answer 11

Rich people seek medical advice; poor people lack medical advice

Socioeconomic status can influence health outcomes.

Question 12

How does education influence health awareness?

Answer 12

Educated individuals have better knowledge about health; uneducated individuals lack awareness

Education plays a crucial role in health literacy.

Question 13

What influence does female education have on family health?

Answer 13

Female education has a positive influence on health of a family

This suggests that educated women are likely to make better health-related decisions for their families.

Question 14

What is the relationship between good nutrition and health?

Answer 14

Good nutrition leads to good health

This highlights the importance of dietary choices in maintaining overall health.

Question 15

What is the consequence of starvation?

Answer 15

Starvation can lead to illness

Starvation severely impacts physical health and can result in various medical conditions.

Question 16

How does employment relate to health?

Answer 16

Employment provides income, which contributes to good health

Financial stability from employment allows for better access to health resources.

Question 17

What is the impact of unemployment on health?

Answer 17

Unemployment results in a lack of money, which negatively affects health

Financial stress from unemployment can lead to poor health outcomes.

Question 18

What do health services encompass?

Answer 18

Health services include all personal and community services aimed at protecting and promoting community health

This includes various health initiatives and support systems.

Question 19

What factors contribute to effective health services?

Answer 19

Factors include:
* Availability of well-equipped hospitals
* Availability of doctors, nurses, pharmacists
* Good water supply
* Immunization

These factors are essential for a functional healthcare system.

Question 20

Why is female health important in community health planning?

Answer 20

Female health should be given consideration due to factors such as pregnancy, menstrual cycle, and breast cancer

Addressing female health needs is crucial for overall community health.

Question 21

What are the categories included in other health-related services?

Answer 21

• Agriculture
• Industrial development
• Rural development
• Government schemes

These categories impact health by raising the standard of living.

Question 22

What is health promotion?

Answer 22

The process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health.

Health promotion encompasses various strategies, including immunization and environmental exposure prevention.

Question 23

How can a person prevent the development of certain diseases?

Answer 23

By being immunized against diseases and preventing exposure to environmental factors.

For example, avoiding exposure to pollutants can help prevent environmentally induced diseases.

Question 24

What percentage of lung cancers can be avoided by stopping smoking entirely?

Answer 24

80 to 90 percent

This statistic emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation in cancer prevention.

Question 25

What is the vision of health promotion?

Answer 25

A society in which all people live long healthy lives. ## Footnote This vision underlines the goal of health promotion efforts.

Question 26

What is the mission of health promotion?

Answer 26

Identify nationwide health improvement priorities. ## Footnote This mission focuses on setting goals for public health initiatives.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over the _______.

Answer 27

[determinants of health]

Question 28

What is the primary goal of health promotion?

Answer 28

Promote good health and create social and physical environments that protect health. ## Footnote Health promotion aims to enhance the well-being of individuals and communities.

Question 29

What are the determinants of health that should be understood?

Answer 29

Determinants include disease, disabilities, and various social factors. ## Footnote Understanding these determinants is essential for improving public health.

Question 30

What is a key objective related to the quality of life in health goals?

Answer 30

Attain high quality longer lives free of disease and injury. ## Footnote This objective emphasizes the importance of not just longevity but also the quality of life.

Question 31

Health equality aims to achieve what for all groups?

Answer 31

Health equality for all groups. ## Footnote This goal ensures that everyone has the same opportunities for good health.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: Health promotion is focused on _______.

Answer 32

[primary prevention] ## Footnote Primary prevention involves measures taken to prevent diseases before they occur.

Question 33

What is the definition of Disease Burden?

Answer 33

It is the aggregates of ill health and harm on patient and community ## Footnote This definition encompasses both the physical and mental health impacts on individuals and populations.

Question 34

What is one objective of studying Disease Burden?

Answer 34

Understanding the different health problems in depth ## Footnote This involves analyzing various health issues to ascertain their impacts on populations.

Question 35

What is the second objective of Disease Burden analysis?

Answer 35

Priority setting according to the prevalence and severity of health issues ## Footnote This helps in allocating resources effectively based on the most pressing health concerns.

Question 36

What is the third objective related to Disease Burden?

Answer 36

Evaluation of the costs and cost effectiveness for preventive programs ## Footnote Understanding the economic impact of health interventions aids in making informed decisions.

Question 37

What is the fourth objective of assessing Disease Burden?

Answer 37

To measure the effectiveness of different health interventions ## Footnote This includes evaluating how well various health programs achieve their intended outcomes.

Question 38

What are the disease burdens on patients?

Answer 38

Physical, Mental, Social ## Footnote Disease burdens can impact a patient's quality of life in various ways.

Question 39

What is a physical burden of disease on patients?

Answer 39

Decrease in physical health ## Footnote This can manifest as a decline in mobility or chronic pain.

Question 40

What mental health issue may arise as a disease burden?

Answer 40

May lead to psychological distress ## Footnote Mental health can be significantly affected, causing anxiety or depression.

Question 41

What social burden can a disease impose?

Answer 41

Loss of work and social isolation ## Footnote Patients may find it challenging to maintain their social life due to health issues.

Question 42

Who may be the first high-risk contacts for infections?

Answer 42

Family members ## Footnote Family members often provide care and may have close contact with the patient.

Question 43

What psychological effect can caregivers experience?

Answer 43

Upset due to responsibility of giving care ## Footnote Caregivers often feel stressed and anxious about their responsibilities.

Question 44

Fill in the blank: A disease burden may lead to _______ due to spending time in giving care to the patient.

Answer 44

social isolation ## Footnote Caregivers may withdraw from social interactions as they focus on caregiving.

Question 45

What is preventive medicine?

Answer 45

The practice of promoting preventive health care to improve patient well-being.

Question 46

What is the ultimate goal of preventive medicine?

Answer 46

To prevent disease, disability, and death.