Zoonoses Flashcards
What is the cause of Q fever?
Coxiella burnetti
An intracellular organism that survives and multiplies in the phagocyte
Eventually the cell ruptures releasing more organism
Which animals commonly transmit Q fever to humans?
Goats, sheep and cattle
How is Q fever generally transmitted to humans?
Inhalation
Less commonly: ingestion and direct contact
What is Q Fever?
Systemic infection involving lungs and reticuloendothelial system
What is the incubation time for Q fever?
9-20 days
What are common symptoms of Q fever?
fever chills headache pneumonitis Hepatosplenomegaly
How is Q fever diagnosed?
Serologically
What microbe causes tularemia?
Francisella tularensis
Small, nonmotile coccobacillus
What are the typical hosts for Francisella tularensis?
rodents and bloodsucking arthropods
What animals are the most common reservoirs of Francisella tularensis?
rabbits
ticks
muskrats
How is Tularemia transmitted to humans?
contact with tissue or body fluids
infectious aerosols
bites
undercooked meats
What is the incubation period for Francisella tularensis?
3 to 5 days
Skin papule forms at site of entry
Describe Tularemia
plague-like disease fever lymphadenopathy ulcerated skin lesions highly infectious
What lab precautions need to be taken when Tularemia is suspected?
Growth on culture needs to be under biosafety level 3 procedures
How is Tularemia diagnosed?
serology
Describe the most common spp of Pasturella
P. multocida
nonmotile
gram negative
coccobacillus
Which animals typically carry Pasturella?
domestic and wild animals
How are human infections of pasturella acquired?
animal bites (65% from cats) sometimes from a non-bite exposure
What is the clinical presentation of pasturella?
focal soft tissue infection within hours of the bite/scratch
fever
lymphadenopathy
What animals typically harbour brucella?
hoofed animals (ungulates) and dogs primary in domesticated animals
How is brucella transmitted to humans?
direct contact with infected tissues
ingestion of contaminated meat or dairy
inhalation of infectious aerosols
What is the incubation period for brucella?
weeks to months
What are symptoms of brucella?
night sweats fever malaise weaness myalgias
