Zero to finals - Drugs used in labour Flashcards
What is oxytocin, and what are its key roles in labor and delivery?
Oxytocin is a hormone from the posterior pituitary, stimulating cervical ripening, uterine contractions, and aiding in lactation. It is used to induce labor, progress labor, strengthen contractions, and prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage.
What is Syntocinon?
Syntocinon is a brand name for oxytocin.
What is atosiban, and when is it used?
Atosiban is an oxytocin receptor antagonist used for tocolysis in premature labor, particularly when nifedipine is contraindicated.
What is ergometrine, and what are its uses?
Ergometrine is derived from ergot plants and stimulates smooth muscle contraction. It is used during the third stage of labor and postpartum to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage.
What are the contraindications and side effects of ergometrine?
Ergometrine can cause hypertension, diarrhea, vomiting, and angina. It should be avoided in eclampsia and used cautiously in hypertensive patients.
What is Syntometrine?
Syntometrine is a combination of oxytocin and ergometrine, used for the prevention or treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.
What are prostaglandins, and what is their role in labor?
Prostaglandins act locally to trigger uterine muscle contractions and ripen the cervix. They play a role in menstruation and labor.
What forms of dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) are used for labor induction?
Vaginal pessaries (Propess)
Vaginal tablets (Prostin tablets)
Vaginal gel (Prostin gel)
What is misoprostol, and what are its uses?
Misoprostol is a prostaglandin analogue used for medical management of miscarriage, alongside mifepristone for abortions, and labor induction after intrauterine fetal death.
What is mifepristone, and what are its uses?
Mifepristone is an anti-progestogen that blocks progesterone to halt pregnancy and ripen the cervix. It is used with misoprostol for abortions and labor induction after intrauterine fetal death.
What is nifedipine, and what are its uses in pregnancy?
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to:
Reduce blood pressure in hypertension and pre-eclampsia.
Suppress uterine activity (tocolysis) in premature labor.
What is terbutaline, and what is its role in labor?
Terbutaline is a beta-2 agonist that suppresses uterine contractions. It is used for tocolysis during uterine hyperstimulation.
What is carboprost, and when is it used?
Carboprost is a synthetic prostaglandin analogue used to stimulate uterine contractions in postpartum hemorrhage when oxytocin and ergometrine fail. It must be used cautiously in asthma patients.
