zero to finals Flashcards
fibrinogen is a
clotting factor
when clotting factors are removed from the blood what is left
serum
reticulocytes originate from what stem cells
myeloid
how many months to red cell survive for
4
lifespan of platelets
around 10 days
target cells are mostly seen in
iron deficiency anaemia and post splenectomy
what refers to a variation in the size of the red blood cells
Anisocytosis
what are Heinz bodies
individuals blobs (inclusions) seen inside red blood cells
the inclusions inside Heinz bodies ar
denatured haemoglobin
Heinz bodies are mostly seen in
G6PD deficiency and alpha thalassaemia
Howell jolly bodies are blobs of what seen inside red blood cells
DNA material
why may see Howell jolly bodies
splenectomy, non functioning spleen (caused by sickle anaemia ) or in severe anaemia
Reticulocytes still have what material
RNA
RNA in reticulocytes have a what appearance
mesh like
normal to for about what % of red blood cells to be reticulocytes
1%
This percentage of reticulocytes goes up where there is a rapid turnover of red blood cells, such as with —, where the bone marrow is actively trying to replace lost cells.
haemolytic anaemia
what are fragments of red blood cells
Schistocytes
Schistocytes can also been seen in what replacements
metabolic heart valves
3 main causes of Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia causing schistocytes
Haemolytic uraemia syndrome (HUS)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP)
what are immature red blood cells with a nucleus surrounded by iron blobs
sideroblasts
sideroblastic anaemia occurs when
bone marrow cannot incorporate iron into the haemoglobin molecules
smudge cells are
ruptured white blood cells
smudge cells are particularly associated with what
CLL
what are spherocyets
sphere shaped red blood cells