malignancy Flashcards
what malignancy is often associated with Down syndrome
ALL
what chromosome is associated with ALL in 30% of adults and 3-5% of children with ALL
Philidelphia
Auer rods can be seen in
AML
what can allow better assessment of cellularity
Trephine
chromosome 9 and 22 translocation is characteristic of Philadelphia chromosome
CML
smear or smudge cells can be seen in
CLL
what can CLL transform into
high grade lymphoma
what lymphoma is more common
NHL
burkitt lymphoma is associated with
epstein barr, malaria and HIV
MALT lymphoma are associated with what infection
h.pylori
how do diffuse large B cell lymphomas often present
rapidly growing painless mass in those over 65
how do lymphomas lymphadenopathy tend to present
non tender and feel rubbery
itch without rash can be a symptom in
lymphoma
what is the key diagnostic test in lymphoma
lymph node biopsy
what is the key finding from lymph node biopsy in its with Hodgkins lymphoma
reed Sternberg cell
what does the reed Sternberg cell look like
abnormally large B cells that have multiple nuclei that have nucleoli inside them
Ann Arbor staging used for what
HL
HL management
ABVD - adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine
nHL lymphoma mx
R-CHOP - rituximab,cyclophosphamide,hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin), vincristine (Oncovin®) andprednisolone
what treatment in Hodgkins lymphoma can cause pneumonitis
bleomycin
most patients with polycythaemia vera have what mutation
JAK2
mx for polycythaemia vera
venesection to haematocrit below 0.45, aspirin, hydroxycarbamide
essential thrombocythaemia defined as
ucontrolled production of abnormal platelets
mx for essential thrombocythaemia
aspirin
tear drop shaped RBCs
idiopathic myelofibrosis
MGUS has paraprotein below what and bone marrow plasma cells below what
30g and then 10%
what has the characteristic IgM paraprotein
waldenstroms macroglobulinaemia
what is a clonal disorder of cells intermediate between a lymphocyte and a plasma cell
waldenstroms macroglobulinaemia
what are the 2 most frequently used option in the UK for waldenstroms macroglobunimeia
Bendamustine-Rituximab (BR) or Dex/Cyclo/Ritux (DCR
bence jones protein is part of the antibody called the
light chain
myeloma bone disease causes what lesions
lytic
immunofixation is a diagnostic test to determine the
paraprotein
first line for myeloma
Thalidomide in combination with an alkylating agent (e.g. melphalan) and a corticosteroid (e.g. dexamethasone) is first line
what can monitor treatment response to multiple myeloma
paraprotein
