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Eyelids > z ophtho > Flashcards

z ophtho Flashcards

1
Q

lower lid retractors

A

inferior tarsal muscle, capsulopalpebral fascia

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2
Q

signs of disinsertion of lower lid retractors

A

involutional entropion, deeper fornix, reverse ptosis, minimal involvement of lower lid in downgaze, white subconj line below inferior tarsal border

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3
Q

the average distance from posterior globe to the optic foramen

A

18 mm

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4
Q

most common type of melanoma around eyelid

A

lentigo maligna 90%, second is nodular

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5
Q

which medication is contraindicated in carbon dioxide laser skin resurfacing

A

Isotretinoine (delay epithelial healing –> scarring)

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6
Q

congenital myogenic ptosis - behavior of lid

A

levator belly is fatty and fibrous. MRD1 lower in primary. higher in downgaze. lid partially open when tries to close their eyes

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7
Q

involutional ptosis - behavior of lid

A

lower in primary and downgaze

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8
Q

contributes to both voluntary lid closure and spontaneous blinking

A

pretarsal orbicularis

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9
Q

bony feature that separates the superior orbital fissure from the optic canal

A

optic (sphenoid) strut

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10
Q

cause of bleeding after orbital surgery

A

transconjunctival approach to the inferior orbit - damage of perforating artery in the inferotemporal quadrant (branch of infraorbital artery)

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11
Q

monoclonal antibody for TED

A

TEPROTUMAB - inhibits IGF-IR

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12
Q

topical cream for cutaneus melanoma in situ and basal cell carcinoma

A

IMIQUIMOD

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13
Q

IMIQUIMOD

A

topical cream for cutaneus melanoma in situ and basal cell carcinoma

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14
Q

IFN gamma + alpha

A

injection for BCC and SCC

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15
Q

injection for BCC and SCC

A

IFN gamma + alpha

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16
Q

attach to Whitnall’s tubercule

A
  1. Lateral canthal tendon 2. Check ligament of the lateral rectus 3. Lateral horn of the levator aponeurosis 4. Lockwood’s ligament
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17
Q

TRICHOFOLLICULOMA

A

solitary, very fine blonde hair-like structure at its center or a sebum-secreting pore

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18
Q

Lateral tarsal strip

A

preferrred for ECtropion. shortening the lower eyelid and then suturing it to the periosteum. maintains the sharp lateral canthal angle

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19
Q

PILOMATRIXOMA

A

reddish-purple calcifies subcutaneus mass

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20
Q

TRICHOLEMMOMA

A

resembles verruca/wart

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21
Q

EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST

A

from pilar duct, central pore, filled with keratin

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22
Q

APOCRINE HIDROCYSTOMA

A

smooth, filled with fluid

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23
Q

by how many mm are the orbits separated

A

25 mm

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24
Q

Bick procedure

A

in ectropion and entropion. removal of full-thickness pentagonal wedge adjacent to lateral canthal angle (causing rounding of angle)

25
Q

Lateral tarsal strip

A

shortening the lower eyelid and then suturing it to the periosteum

26
Q

Medial spindle procedure

A

for medial ECtropion/punctal ECtropion. removning a diamond shaped piece of conjuctiva and lower lid retractors 4 mm inferior to the inferior canaliculus and then placing inverting sutures

27
Q

Maxillary nerve - important branches

A

Zygomatic nerve (zygomaticotemporal nerve, zygomaticofacial nerve), through the Inferior orbital fissure, Infraorbital nerve

28
Q

Levator excursion (function)

A

from down to upgaze. 11-20 mm

29
Q

MRD1

A

3-5mm

30
Q

MRD2

A

4-6mm

31
Q

increased MRD2

A

lower lid ectropion or retraction

32
Q

decreased MRD2

A

reverse ptosis (Horner’s syndrome)

33
Q

V2 passes through

A

foramen rotundum

34
Q

V3 passes through

A

foramen ovale

35
Q

absorbable sutures + time

A

fast gut (7 days), plain gut (7-10 days), Polyglatin 910-Vicryl (21 days)

36
Q

non-absorbable sutures

A

Prolene and nylon

37
Q

Junctional nevus - where

A

within dermis

38
Q

nevus - highest malignant potential

A

Junctional

39
Q

Compound nevus - where

A

across dermis and epidermis

40
Q

internal hordeolum

A

acute infection of the Meibomian glands

41
Q

external hordeolum

A

acute infection of the Zeis glands

42
Q

decreases the pain on injection of lidocaine

A

sodium bicarbonate

43
Q

most common tumor causing optociliary shunts

A

optic nerve sheath meninigioma (30% have)

44
Q

epiphora - definition

A

overflow of tears down the face

45
Q

cause stenosis within the nasolacirmal drainage system

A

DOCETAXEL, 5-FU

46
Q

What % of hyperthyroidic develop TED

A

30%

47
Q

What % of TED are hyperthyroidic at some point

A

90%

48
Q

The most common disease in TED

A

Grave’s Disease

49
Q

innervation of rectus belly

A

at the posterior 1/3 of the muscle

50
Q

caucasian - where in upper lid does the superior orbital septum fuse with the levator

A

2-5 mm superior to the upper border of the tarsal plate

51
Q

% of orbital cellulitis secondary to contiguous spread from sinuses

A

90%

52
Q

orbital cellulitis - imaging

A

maxillofacial CT

53
Q

Blepharochalasis

A

rare autoimmune-like condition that occurs in young women that is characterized by repeated bouts of upperlid edema

54
Q

rule of thumb for dermatochalasis surgery

A

10 mm from the incision to the eyebrow and 10 mm from the incision to the eyelid margin

55
Q

Fasanella-Servat procedure

A

tarsoconjunctival mullerectomy - used to treat mild amounts of ptosis less than 2 mm

56
Q

hemifacial spasm - most common cause

A

facial nerve compressed by an ectaticvertebral artery or anterior inferior cerebellar artery

57
Q

Garcia-Harris Criteria - early drainage of the subperioscteal abscess

A

9 or older, frontal sinusitis, non-medial location, large, anaerobic, recurrent, chronic sinusitis, optic nerve or retinal compromise, dental origin

58
Q

Bowen’s disease

A

squamous cell carcinoma in-situ

Eyelids (7 decks)

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