from EBOD Flashcards
Congenital nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction is very common at birth; anatomical obstructions exist in up to […] % of newborns
73%
It is recommendable to perform dacryocystography to confirm the location of the obstruction prior to probing - T or F
F
kolejność interwencji
massages , probing , balloon catheter dilation , dacryocystorhinostomy
DCR -local or general anejsezja
under local anaesthesia with intravenous sedation
DCR in mucocele?
can be performed without any problem in cases of mucocele; in fact, it tends to be easier to open the sac in cases with mucocele
IOI - sex
both sexes equally
IOI - initial imaging test
The initial imaging test of choice is CT, due to its speed and lower cost
IOI - It is necessary to perform a biopsy of the affected tissues to make a diagnosis of idiopathic orbital disease - T or F
F
TAO - mild cases - treatment
Mild cases are treated with selenium as an antioxidant
TAO - GKS and exophthalmos
Corticosteroids improve the inflammation, but they have not shown to reverse the exophthalmos.
The Fasanella–Servat procedure
the predecessor to Müller’s muscle–conjunctival resection, but it involved resection of the tarsus in addition to the conjunctiva and Müller’s muscle; like Müller’s muscle–conjunctival resection, it is a technique for correcting ptosis
The following are surgical procedures indicated for treating upper eyelid retraction due to thyroid eye disease:
Müllerectomy, Upper eyelid levator recession, Full-thickness blepharotomy
Müller’s muscle–conjunctival resection
a technique for correcting palpebral ptosis, as it tightens Müller’s muscle by shortening the posterior lamella
blepharotomy
weakening both Müller’s muscle and the levator
dural fistulas
indirect. middle meningeal artery branches in dural fistulas) with the orbital venous or cavernous sinus system
fistulas - treatment
embolization by selective arteriography. In dural cases, it is sometimes necessary to use a venous approach, via vessels such as the superior ophthalmic vein
Emergency surgery for fractures
Emergency surgery is only indicated in trapdoor fractures in children, in cases of luxation of the globe into the maxillary sinus or if there is an incoercible oculocardiac reflex
Ectropion is usually associated with punctal stenosis - T or F
T
Cicatricial Ectropion is caused by
Caused by anterior lamella deficiency. Hyperlaxity is not a requirement, as traction due to the anterior lamellar deficiency/scarring is enough to cause it
BCC - the least common type
morpheaform (more aggressive than nodular) and multicentric
congenital ptosis - It involves limited downward movement of the upper eyelid in downgaze - T or F
T. caused by lack of elasticity of the muscle
Congenital ptosis - This type of ptosis is primarily neurogenic and secondarily myogenic - T or F
T
Marcus–Gunn ptosis or jaw winking - caused by
due to synkinesis between the masticatory branch of the fifth cranial nerve and the levator muscle of the upper eyelid
Ptosis usually improves within the first year of life as the child develops - T or F
F. It is almost always unilateral, and the ptosis and synkinesis remain stable throughout life
