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Ocular Disease > Yumori Eyelids > Flashcards

Yumori Eyelids Flashcards

1
Q

Eyelid Ptosis

A 
downward sagging of upper lid lashes 
iodiopthic
due to floppy eyelid syndrome 
dermtochlsis
long standing facil palsy
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2
Q

Trichomegaly

A

excessive eyelash growth
Due to: Drug-induced – topical prostaglandin analogues, phenytoin and ciclosporin
Malnutrition
AIDS
Porphyria
Hypothyroidism
Familial
Congenital: Oliver–McFarlane, Cornelia de Lange,
Goldstein–Hutt, Hermansky–Pudlak syndromes

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3
Q

Madarosis

A

loss of lashes

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4
Q

Causes of madarosis

A 
1. Local
Chronic anterior lid margin disease 
Infiltrating lid tumours
Burns
Radiotherapy or cryotherapy of lid tumours
2. Skin disorders :Generalized alopecia, Psoriasis
3. Systemic diseases
 Myxoedema
Systemic lupus erythematosus 
Acquired syphilis
Lepromatous leprosy
4. Following removal
Procedures for trichiasis
Trichotillomania – psychiatric disorder of hair removal
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5
Q

Poliosis

A

whitening of hair my involve lashes nd eyebrows

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6
Q

Causes of poliosis

A 
1. Ocular
Chronic anterior blepharitis 
Sympathetic ophthalmitis Idiopathic uveitis
2. Systemic
Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome 
Waardenburg syndrome
Vitiligo
Marfan syndrome
Tuberous sclerosis
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7
Q

Acute allergic oedema

A

caused by insect bites or pollen
sudden onset bilterl boggy periocular periodema
often with chemosis

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8
Q

Treatment acute allergic oedema

A

often unnecessary

sometimes systemic antihistamines

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9
Q

Contact Dermatitis

A

inflammatory response follows exposure to medication cosmetics, or metals
irritant can also cause non allergic toxic dermatitis
type 4 hypersensitivity

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10
Q

Signs of Contact Derm.

A 
oedma
swelling
tightness
scaling
angular fissuring 
possible: redness, chemosis , papillary conjunctivitis 
itching 
watery eyes
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11
Q

Treatment of contact derm

A 
not coming in contact with irritant 
cold compress
topical steroid 
oral antihistamine
perservatve artificl tears
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12
Q

atopic dermatitis

A 
ecema
idiopathic condition 
pts suffer from asthma & hay fever
thickening crusting fissuring of lids
staphylococcal blepharitis, vernal or atopic keratoconjunctivitis
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13
Q

atopy atopic dermatitis

A

Herpetic blepharitis and keratocon- junctivitis is more common and more severe in patients with atopy (eczema herpeticum)

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14
Q

treatment of atopic term

A

emollients to hydrate skin

mild topical steroid (hydrocortisone)

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15
Q

uncommon signs associ. with atopic derm.

A

cataract
retinal detachment
keratoconus

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16
Q

external hordeolum

A

acute staph abcess of lash follicle assoc. with gland of eis
well defined subcutaneous eyelid nodule
Internal: meibomim glands

17
Q

external hordeolum common in?

A

children nd young adults

18
Q

treatment for external hordeolum?

A

topical & oral antibiotics (bacitracin/ erhromycin)
hot compress & lid massage 3x
epilation of lash

if left untreated it cn result in bcterial conjunctivitis/ presceptal cellulitis, chlion

19
Q

Impetigo

A

skin infection caused by staph aur & staph pyogenes
affects children
highly contagious

20
Q

Signs of impetigo

A

painful erythematous macules rapidly develop int thin walled blisters (golden yellow crusts)
may be fever, malaise, nd lymphdenopathy

21
Q

Treatment impetigo

A

topical sometimes oral antibiotics (beta- lactamase

preventative measures for trsmisiion since it is highly contagious

22
Q

Erysipelas

A 
St. anthony's fire
severe dermal uncommon
caused by staph pyogrnes
Diabetes, obesity, alcohol abusers presdisopers 
inflamed erythematous plaue develops
distinguished by raised border
23
Q

Treatment Erysipelas

A

oral antibiotics

24
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis

A

very severe infection involving subcutaneous soft tissue and the skin,
caused by S. pyogenes and occasionally S. aureus
most frequent sites of involvement are the extremities, trunk and perineum, as well as postoperative wound sites.
Periocular infection is rare; redness and oedema are followed by the formation of large bullae and black discoloration of the skin due to necrosis

25
Q

Treatment of necro. fasciitis

A

early aggressive treatment is instituted, in the form of surgical debridement and high-dose intravenous antibiot- ics, death may result

26
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

caused by double stranded DNa poxvirus
affects healthy children between the ages of 2 and 4
trasmission by contact & auto inoculation

27
Q

Sign of molluscum cont.

A

Multiple, and occasionally confluent, lesions may develop in immunocompromised patients. Histopathology shows a central pit and lobules of hyperplastic epidermis with intracytoplasmic (Henderson–Patterson) inclusion bodies that displace the nuclear remnant to the edge of the cell. The bodies are small and eosinophilic near the surface, and large and basophilic deeper down

28
Q

Diagnosis of molluscum cont.

A

single/ multiple wax umblilicted nodules develop
white cheesy material consisting of infected degenerate cells cn be expressed from lesion
lesions on lid margin may shed into tear film
causing ipsilateral chronic follicular conjunctivitis

29
Q

Treatment of molluscum cont.

A

spontneous resolution within few months or so
treatment may not be necessary
Options include shave excision, cauterization, chem- ical ablation, cryotherapy and pulsed dye laser.

30
Q

Herpes oster ophthalmicus

A

unilateral infection caused by varciell poster virus
maculopapular crusting rash with periocular oedema showing clear midline delineation
more commonly in eldery &immunocompromised
pain distributed by first division of trigermenal nerve

31
Q

Herpes Simplex

A

either primary infection or reactivation of herpes simplex virus previously dormant in the trigeminal ganglion.
Prodromal facial and lid tingling lasting about 24 hours is followed by the development of eyelid and peri- ocular skin vesicles (Fig. 1.41A) that break down over 48 hours

32
Q

Signs of Herpes Simplex

A

papillary conjunctivitis, discharge and lid swelling; dendritic corneal ulcers can develop, especially in atopic patients, in whom skin involvement can be extensive and very severe (eczema herpeticum

33
Q

Treatment of Herpes Simplex

A

gradully settle within weeks
topical aclivor (5x)
oral aciclovir, famciclovir, valaciclovir
antibiotics if ecema hepeicum

34
Q

Treatment of herpes oster ophthalmicus

A

oral antiviral (because it is @the nerve must treat with oral)
skin lesions (skin can crack open wounds): bacitracin BID
rule out posterior segment
conultion to rule out HIV

35
Q

Hutchinson’s Sign

A

herpes oster opth.
skin lesion @tip o/ side/ root of nose
represent dermatomes of external nasal nd nfratrochler branches of nasociliary nerve
powerful predictor of ocular inflammation & corneal denervation

Ocular Disease (5 decks)

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