Young bones Flashcards
What is the top part of the bone called?
Proximal epiphysis
What is the bottom part of the bone called?
Distal epiphysis
What are the top and bottom growth plates called
proximal and distal physis
What are the differnet zones of growth plate startung from closest to epiphysis
Reserve zone- resting zone
Proliferative zone- zone of proliferating cartilage
Zone of maturation and hypertrophy
provisional zone of calcification
What does the reserve zone contain
scattered small chondrocytes- small amount, resting cartilage here
What does the Proliferative zone contain
Chondrocytes Larger than and more than reserve zone
bone starting to form
What does the zone of maturation and hypertrophy contain
Chondrocytes are starting to become calcified
Calcium incorparate into bone
What does the provisional zone of calcification contain
calcified cartilage turning into normal bone
this is where growing of long bone takes place
How do children grow? rates boys vs girls
Before puberty girls and boys grow roughly the same rate.
When puberty hits rate slows down
Girls hit puberty earlier than boys
How can we measure the rate of growth in the labatory?
Using the marker alkaline phosphate to measure osteoblastic activity to measure the rate of bone turnoer
How does bone growth affect the observed levels of ALP?
As bones grow ALP increases
Explain the ossification of the carpels in the hand from birth
Birth- No carpels 1-3 moths- Capitate ossifies 2-4 months- Hanmate ossifies 2-4 years- Triquetral ossifies Lunate ossifies 4-6 years- Scaphoid Trapezium Trapezoid 8-12 years- Pisiform
What are the main fractures in a child’s bone 4
Greenstick
Torus
Complete- Spiral
Salter-Harris
What is a torus fracture
The bone buckles, but the integrity of the surface of the bone on the CONVEX side is maintained
What is a greenstick fracture
Bone is bent such as to damage the CONVEX surface —but the fracture is incomplete
