Yorkshire

Question 1

Where was William’s power noticeably unable to reach?

Answer 1

Yorkshire, since it is in the North of England.

Question 2

What area had William conquered in England

Answer 2

Due to his overwhelming military supremacy and lack of unity amongst the surviving nobles the following was captured:
-Canterbury -Winchester -London
Also confiscated estates of Harold Godwin sharing them amongst Norman Followers.

Question 3

Why did William return to Normandy in 1067?

Answer 3

As early as 1067, William felt that his power in Normandy was secure enough that he could return leaving Odo of Bayeux in Dover and William FitzOsbern in Winchester in charge

Question 4

When was the suppression of Edwin and Morcar?

Answer 4

66

Question 5

When was the rebellion of the Welsh Border (Edric the Wild)

Answer 5

1067

Question 6

When was the Harrying of the North?

Answer 6

1069

Question 7

When was the Revolt of Norman Earls?

Answer 7

75

Question 8

Why was the North of England a threat?

Answer 8

There were strong local rivalries and alliances, insecure borders, ambitions of the Danish King.

Question 9

Why was Ireland dangerous to William?

Answer 9

In 1068 and 1069, Harold Godwinson’s sons took refuge in Ireland and launched major raids in the south-west.
(Showed how fragile William’s conquest actually was)

Question 10

What early issues did William have with land?

Answer 10

There was no enough land to satisfy both his followers and the surviving Anglo-Saxon aristocracy, while the aggressive attitude of William FitzOsbern, Odo of Bayeux and the new Norman aristocracy provoking further English Resistance.

Question 11

Why was establishing control in the North not a priority for William?

Answer 11

-The North was further to Normandy.
-The North had the minority of the population.
-The Capital was in the south.
-North had many alliances with surrounding countries.

Question 12

In the years after 1066 what did disgruntled survivors of the English aristocracy do?

Answer 12

They made an alliance with the Danes and carried out guerrilla warfare against their Norman masters
-The first major rising occurred in Dover, Kent in the
summer of 1067 to which failed but persuaded William to
return to England.

Question 13

What did William do to deal with potential rises in the North?

Answer 13

As he marched north, he built castles to keep these areas under control.

Question 14

What is an example of a castle William built to keep control in the north after the Harrying of the North

Answer 14

Pickering Castle (1069-70)

Question 15

What areas were a threat to William’s power?

Answer 15

-Scandinavia.
-Scotland (King Malcolm power was growing).

Question 16

Why was King Malcolm and Scotland a threat to William’s reign?

Answer 16

-Border between Scotland and Scotland was disputed.
-Malcolm had already extended his influence southwards into Lothian and as far as Brough.
-He sheltered rebels fleeing England.
-Had married the sister of Edgar Aethling, a rival claimant to English throne

Question 17

What did William do in order to reach an agreement with the Scottish King?

Answer 17

Although William needed to reach an agreement with the Scottish King, he felt it was important that he showed his authority and secured his northern border with a show of military power.
-He ordered his barons to subdue Cumbria, while he himself led the expedition to assert his power over Yorkshire and the north-east of England.

Question 18

What happened in the Summer of 1068 (rebellion)?

Answer 18

His opponents gathered in York and launched a rebellion led by Gospatrick, the new earl of Northumbria. William marched north, took the city and built and garrisoned a castle.
He also expressed his authority by appearing in public at York Minster wearing his crown.

Question 19

What happened in January 1069 after William left for Normandy (rebellion)?

Answer 19

Gospatrick and Edgar the Aethling joined forces and marched a rebel army south. They killed William’s troops in Durham and the Norman Earl of Northumbria, Robert of Commines. They besieged William’s castle at York however William returned, travelled north to relieve York and built a second castle on the opposite bank of the River Ouse.

Question 20

What was the Danish King Swein’s claim to the throne?

Answer 20

He was the son of Cnut’s sister