YMAY Chapter 7 - 9 Flashcards
social equality
(Rousseau) a condition in which no differences in wealth, power, prestige, or status based on non-natural conventions exist
Rousseau’s two forms of inequality
physical (natural) - age, health, body strength, mind & social (political) - power and privilege given to others by ‘men’. being rich, honorable, powerful etc.
Three individuals that see income inequality as “necessary or maybe even good”
Millar, Ferguson, Malthus
How does income inequality exact social progress?
Private property is important here as it leads to improved social organization and efficiency. Owning property that is an asset for the future acts as incentive for individuals to work beyond the bare essentials of today and thereby improve society in the long run.
How does Malthus see inequality
He thinks it will prevent problems that would stem from overpopulation by limiting the number of people that can grow there families and societies.
dialectic
two-directional relationship, following a patter in which an original statement or thesis is countered with an antithesis leading to a conclusion that unites the strengths of the original position and the counterarguments
Master-Slave Dialectic
Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Equality of Opportunity
the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve wealth, social prestige, and power because the rules of the game, so to speak, are the same for everyone.
Bourgeois society
society of commerce in which the maximization of profit is the primary business incentive.
Equality of Condition
everyone should have an equal starting point.
Equality of outcome
each player must end up with the same amount regardless of the fairness of the “game”
Free rider problem
the notion that when more than one person is responsible for getting something done, the incentive is for each individual to shirk responsibility and hope others will pull the extra weight
Ideal types of social stratification
Estate, Caste, Class, Status Hierarchy, and (arguably) Elite-Mass Dichotomy
Estate System
politically based system of stratification characterized by limited social mobility. Land ownership is essential for wielding any social power.
Caste System
religion based system of stratification characterized by no social mobility. hereditary notions of religious purity.
Class system
economically based hierarchical system characterized by cohesive, oppositional groups and somewhat loose social mobility.
Proletariat
the working class