years of the studies Flashcards
Buss
1989
Bio approach to form of humrel ->
Desired characteristics for a future partner (men = young, women = ambition and wealth)
Singh
1993
Bio approach to form of humrel ->
Smaller WHR (0.7) preferred
Wedekind
1995
Biological approach to form of humrel AND Hormones, pheromones and behaviour - pheromones and behaviour - effect on attraction ->
Dissimilar MHC preferred due to nicer smell: more varied immune system - survival benefits
Aronson and Linder
1965
Cognitive approach to form of humrel ->
A change in negative attitude to positive toward a person leads to them being liked more
Byrne and Nelson
1965
Cognitive approach to form of humrel ->
The higher the % of shared attitudes, liked more
Walster et al
1973
Cog approch to humrel ->
SHTG»_space;»
Kenrick and Gutierres
1980
Socio app to form of humrel ->
After seeing attractive people as comparisons, people are rated as less attractive
Zajonc
1968
Sociocultural (cognitive) to form of humrel ->
Stimulus frequency (faces): faces seen more often are seen as more attractive
Rogers
1957
Role of communication in personal relationships ->
Three conditions for growth: unconditional positive regard, openness, empathy
Collins and Miller
1994
Role of communication in personal relationships ->
Self-disclosure and liking
Duck
1992
Why relationships change or end ->
Divorced parents - divorce in the future
Bowlby
1953
Why relationships change or end ->
Maternal deprivation hypothesis: issues during the critical period causes future relationship issues
Hazan and Shaver
1987
Why relationships change or end ->
Attachment styles in childhood, supports attachment theory
Ji et al
2000
Sociocultural - culture and its effect on behaviour ->
Noticing private/public behaviours
Chua et al
2005
Sociocultural - culture and its effect on behaviour ->
Noticing background/foreground
Wang and Brockmeier
2002
Sociocultural - culture and its effect on behaviour ->
Collectivist societies focus on one’s place in the community and speak about stories to reflect this, individualist focuses on the individual and speak about stories to reflect this.
Atkinson and Shiffrin
1968
Cog processes - models of memory - MSM ->
SM: info lasts <1 second no attention to info leads to displacement and decay, attention transfers to STM
STM: stores 5-9 pieces of info which last for around 30 seconds. Can be maintained with maintenance rehearsal, can move into LTM after enough rehearsal,
LTM: unlimited storage, unlimited duration - doesn’t explain how displacement, decay, or interference works.
Glanzer and Cunitz
1966
Cog processes - models of memory - MSM ->
Serial position curve: supports MSM as immediate recall was better than recall after 30 seconds - presence of STM supported. LTM supported too as primacy effect remained the same
Wood and Cowan
1995
Cog processes - models of memory - MSM ->
Attention is necessary for memory. Supports MSM which suggests that attention needs to be paid to SM for info to be retained.
Loftus and Palmer
1974
Reliability of cog processes - reconstructive memory ->
Car crash - word used can affect recall (more violent leads to a more violent memory)
Palmer
1975
Cognitive processes - schema theory - schemas on perception ->
Context images flashed caused a schema to form in ppts - leads to either better or worse identification of an object in an image.
Bergman and Roediger
1999
Reliability of cog processes - reconstructive memory ->
War of the ghosts, memory of a story becomes worse over time but recall is better if it is recalled before
Bransford and Johnson
1972
Cog processes - schema theory - schemas on memory ->
Context activates a schema and helps recall
Hitch and Baddeley
1976
Cog processes - models of memory - WMM ->
Two tasks at the same time can be done unless using same part of WM