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*Biology iGCSE course 🧠🥼🥽 > YEAR 9 – Topic 2 – Variety of Living Organisms > Flashcards

YEAR 9 – Topic 2 – Variety of Living Organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the kingdoms

A

Plants, Animal, Fungi, Prokaryotes, Protoctists.

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2
Q

Name the kingdoms

A

Plants, Animal, Fungi, Prokaryotes, Protoctists.

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3
Q

What is the plant kingdom?

A

Plants are multicellular organisms. Eg: flowering plants like maize, or herbaceous legumes like peas.

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4
Q

True or false? Plant do not carry out photosynthesis so they don’t have chloroplasts.

A

False!!! Plant cells do have chloroplasts so they carry out photosynthesis. They are autotrophic.

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5
Q

Do plants cells have cell walls?

A

Yes, plant cells have cell walls, they are made out of cellulose; they store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose.

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6
Q

What is the animal kingdom?

A

They are multicellular organisms; eg: mammals and insects.

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7
Q

Do animal cells contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis?

A

No, animal cells do not contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis. They are heterotrophic.

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8
Q

True or false? Animals cells normally have nervous coordination and are able to move from one place to another.

A

True!! Animal cells have nervous coordination and are able to move from one place to another.

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9
Q

How do animals store carbohydrates?

A

Animals often store carbohydrates as glycogen.

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10
Q

Is an animal multi or uni cellular?

A

Multi

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11
Q

Is an a plant multi or uni cellular?

A

Multi

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12
Q

Is an a protoctist multi or uni cellular?

A

Uni

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13
Q

Is an a prokaryote multi or uni cellular?

A

Uni

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14
Q

Is an a fungi multi or uni cellular?

A

Uni/multi E.g. yeast is uni and mushrooms are multi

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15
Q

Does an animal cell have a cell wall?

A

No

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16
Q

Does a plant cell have a cell wall?

A

Yes

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17
Q

Does a protoctist cell have a cell wall?

A

Yes/No Yes in plant-like cells No in animal-like cells

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18
Q

Does a prokaryote cell have a cell wall?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Does a fungi cell have a cell wall?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Can an animal cell photosynthesise?

A

No

21
Q

Can a plant cell photosynthesise?

A

Yes

22
Q

Can a protoctist cell photosynthesise?

A

Yes/No Yes if it is a plant-like cell No if it is an animal-like cell

23
Q

Can a prokaryote cell photosynthesise?

A

Yes/No No if it is a normal prokaryote cell Yes if it is a Cyanobacteria cell

24
Q

Can a fungi cell photosynthesise?

A

No

25
Q

What does Heterotroph mean?

A

A heterotroph is an organism that makes energy by eating/digesting other organisms.

26
Q

What does Autotroph mean?

A

An autotroph is a living organism that produces its own energy/food by photosynthesis.

27
Q

What is saprophytic feeding?

A

In a fungi, the hyphae release enzymes that digest the food and then it gets absorbed back into the plant. The fungi are also decomposers.

28
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of animal cells?

A

Heterotrophic

29
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of plant cells?

A

Autotrophic

30
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of protoctist cells?

A

Heterotrophic/Autotrophic Heterotrophic if they are animal-like cells Autotrophic if they are plant-like cells

31
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of prokaryote cells?

A

Heterotrophic/Autotrophic Heterotrophic if they are normal prokaryote cells Autotrophic if they are Cyanobacteria cells

32
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of fungi cells?

A

Heterotrophic because they are saprophytic feeders.

33
Q

Different types of plant-like protoctist cells are…

A

–Volvox –Chlorella

34
Q

Different types of animal-like protoctist cells are…

A

–Amoeba –Plasmodium

35
Q

Different types of prokaryote cells are…

A

–Lactobacillus –Pneumococcus

36
Q

Different types of fungi are…

A

–Yeast –Mushroom

37
Q

Features of an animal cell are…

A

–Nucleus –Cytoplasm –Cell Membrane -Ribosomes -Mitochondria

38
Q

Features of a plant cell are…

A

-Nucleus -Chloroplasts -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Ribosomes -Vacuole

39
Q

Features of a normal prokaryote cell are…

A

-Flagellum -Nucleiod -Capsule? -Plasmid -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes -Cell membrane -Cell wall

40
Q

Features of a Cyanobacteria cell are…

A

-Flagellum -Nucleiod -Capsule? -Plasmid -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Chloroplasts

41
Q

Features of a fungi cell are…

A

.

42
Q

Features of an animal-like protoctist cell are…

A

-Nucleus -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Ribosomes

43
Q

Features of an plant-like protoctist cell are…

A

-Nucleus -Chloroplasts -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Ribosomes -Vacuole

44
Q

What are the three shapes bacteria come in?

A

–Spherical –Rod –Spiral

49
Q

What is fungi?

A

They are organisms that aren’t able to carry out photosynthesis.

50
Q

What is the fungi body structure?

A

Fungi’s body is usually organised into mycelium made from thread like structures called hyphea, which contains many nuclei.

51
Q

What are the 4 key facts about fungi?

A

– Their walls are made out of chitin – They store carbohydrates as glycogen –They are heterotrophs that use saprophytic feeding – They do not photosynthesise

52
Q

How are fungi shaped/formed?

A

Their body is usually organised into a mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae. These contain many nuclei

53
Q

What are the disadvantages of using stem cells in medicine?

A

-It is quite an expensive technique -they can be derived from embryos that do not belong to the patient, which can cause the body to reject them. -doesn’t agree with people’s ethics

*Biology iGCSE course 🧠🥼🥽 (11 decks)

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