YEAR 9 – Topic 2 – Variety of Living Organisms Flashcards
Name the kingdoms
Plants, Animal, Fungi, Prokaryotes, Protoctists.
Name the kingdoms
Plants, Animal, Fungi, Prokaryotes, Protoctists.
What is the plant kingdom?
Plants are multicellular organisms. Eg: flowering plants like maize, or herbaceous legumes like peas.
True or false? Plant do not carry out photosynthesis so they don’t have chloroplasts.
False!!! Plant cells do have chloroplasts so they carry out photosynthesis. They are autotrophic.
Do plants cells have cell walls?
Yes, plant cells have cell walls, they are made out of cellulose; they store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose.
What is the animal kingdom?
They are multicellular organisms; eg: mammals and insects.
Do animal cells contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis?
No, animal cells do not contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis. They are heterotrophic.
True or false? Animals cells normally have nervous coordination and are able to move from one place to another.
True!! Animal cells have nervous coordination and are able to move from one place to another.
How do animals store carbohydrates?
Animals often store carbohydrates as glycogen.
Is an animal multi or uni cellular?
Multi
Is an a plant multi or uni cellular?
Multi
Is an a protoctist multi or uni cellular?
Uni
Is an a prokaryote multi or uni cellular?
Uni
Is an a fungi multi or uni cellular?
Uni/multi E.g. yeast is uni and mushrooms are multi
Does an animal cell have a cell wall?
No
Does a plant cell have a cell wall?
Yes
Does a protoctist cell have a cell wall?
Yes/No Yes in plant-like cells No in animal-like cells
Does a prokaryote cell have a cell wall?
Yes
Does a fungi cell have a cell wall?
Yes
Can an animal cell photosynthesise?
No
Can a plant cell photosynthesise?
Yes
Can a protoctist cell photosynthesise?
Yes/No Yes if it is a plant-like cell No if it is an animal-like cell
Can a prokaryote cell photosynthesise?
Yes/No No if it is a normal prokaryote cell Yes if it is a Cyanobacteria cell
Can a fungi cell photosynthesise?
No
What does Heterotroph mean?
A heterotroph is an organism that makes energy by eating/digesting other organisms.
What does Autotroph mean?
An autotroph is a living organism that produces its own energy/food by photosynthesis.
What is saprophytic feeding?
In a fungi, the hyphae release enzymes that digest the food and then it gets absorbed back into the plant. The fungi are also decomposers.
What is the feeding mechanism of animal cells?
Heterotrophic
What is the feeding mechanism of plant cells?
Autotrophic
What is the feeding mechanism of protoctist cells?
Heterotrophic/Autotrophic Heterotrophic if they are animal-like cells Autotrophic if they are plant-like cells
What is the feeding mechanism of prokaryote cells?
Heterotrophic/Autotrophic Heterotrophic if they are normal prokaryote cells Autotrophic if they are Cyanobacteria cells
What is the feeding mechanism of fungi cells?
Heterotrophic because they are saprophytic feeders.
Different types of plant-like protoctist cells are…
–Volvox –Chlorella
Different types of animal-like protoctist cells are…
–Amoeba –Plasmodium
Different types of prokaryote cells are…
–Lactobacillus –Pneumococcus
Different types of fungi are…
–Yeast –Mushroom
Features of an animal cell are…
–Nucleus –Cytoplasm –Cell Membrane -Ribosomes -Mitochondria
Features of a plant cell are…
-Nucleus -Chloroplasts -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Ribosomes -Vacuole
Features of a normal prokaryote cell are…
-Flagellum -Nucleiod -Capsule? -Plasmid -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes -Cell membrane -Cell wall
Features of a Cyanobacteria cell are…
-Flagellum -Nucleiod -Capsule? -Plasmid -Cytoplasm -Ribosomes -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Chloroplasts
Features of a fungi cell are…
.
Features of an animal-like protoctist cell are…
-Nucleus -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Ribosomes
Features of an plant-like protoctist cell are…
-Nucleus -Chloroplasts -Mitochondria -Cytoplasm -Cell membrane -Cell wall -Ribosomes -Vacuole
What are the three shapes bacteria come in?
–Spherical –Rod –Spiral
What is fungi?
They are organisms that aren’t able to carry out photosynthesis.
What is the fungi body structure?
Fungi’s body is usually organised into mycelium made from thread like structures called hyphea, which contains many nuclei.
What are the 4 key facts about fungi?
– Their walls are made out of chitin – They store carbohydrates as glycogen –They are heterotrophs that use saprophytic feeding – They do not photosynthesise
How are fungi shaped/formed?
Their body is usually organised into a mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae. These contain many nuclei
What are the disadvantages of using stem cells in medicine?
-It is quite an expensive technique -they can be derived from embryos that do not belong to the patient, which can cause the body to reject them. -doesn’t agree with people’s ethics
