Year 9 Science Chemistry Flashcards
Reactants
chemicals mixed to make a rection occur
Products
substances produced during a reaction
Chemical Reactions
Acid +Base
Acid+Active Metal
Acid+Metal Carbonate
Acid+Base
Salt+Water (Neutralization)
Acid+Active Metal
Salt+Hydrogen Gas(
Pop test
Acid+Metal Carbonate
Salt+Water+Carbon Dioxide
turns Milky
Evidences of Chemical Rection
- Bubbling(Gas Produced)
- Temperature Change (products get hotter or colder)
- Precipitate(solid forms)
- colour change
- Chemical Disappear or appear
Conservation of Mass
Mass is not created or destroyed during a reaction
conservation of mass notes
if mass is less than reactants then a gas has been given off
if mass of the product has been increased then a gas has been joined with the rectants
Burning
- Needs fuel (combustibe material)
- Oxygen
- must heat the fuel to its combustion temperature before it will ignite
Carbon Dioxode is produced when
a material burns, lime water is used for test
turns milky when C02 bubbled through it
Corrosion
Rusting is the corrosion of iron
Water and Oxygen are needed to make a metal corrode (form a metaloxide)
Indicators
tell if a substance is an acid, base or neutral
More indicator notes
Indicators go a different colour in an acid, base or neutral
Common Indicators
- Universal Indicator
- Acid-red yellow
- Bases-Pink or the litmus blue
- Litmus Paper
- Acid- Blue Litmus turns pink
- Bases-Pink litmus turns blue
More Info about acids
- contain the element hydrogen
- have a sour taste
- are corrosive liquids
- effect the colour of indicators
- are neutralized by bases
- react with matals to form a salt and hydrogen gas
- react with metal carbonates to form a salt. water and carbon dioxide gas
Common Acids
Sulfuric acid-(Hydrogen Sulfate)-H2SO4
Hydrochloric Acid-(Hydrogen Chloride-HCL
Nitric Acid- (Hydrogen Nitrate)-HNO3
Neutralization
Acid+Base –}salt+water
(H+) + (OH-) –}H2O
Neutralization (Check)
checked using a chemical indicator such as universal indicator which goes green in neutral liquids
PH SCALE
PH scale can be used to determineby using Universal Indicator
>Certain Colour
Salts
Formed by reaction of acid with base
acid+metal
acid+metal carbonate
Many are soluable in water (dissolve)
Examples
1)sodium chloride NaCL
2)Calcium Carbonate CaCo3
Solubility
is a measure of how easily a substance dissolves in water
salt+water–} salt water solution
solute+solvent—}solution
5 ways reduce corrosion
Oiling painting galvanizing grease sacrificial anodes
