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9 Science > Ecology > Flashcards

Ecology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of living things and their environment

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2
Q

Biotic Factors

A

Living parts of the environment

Plants, Animals, Micro- Organisms

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3
Q

Abiotic Factors

A

Non Living parts of the environment

air water wind sunlight soil landfroms

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4
Q

Cycle >

Cycles in Nature

A

The path atoms take in the environment

The atoms make things up are constantly moving through the living and Non-Living environment

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5
Q

Cycles Example

A

Water Cycle
Carbon-Oxygen cycle
Nitrogen Cycle

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6
Q

Feral Organisms

A 
Organisms that have gone wild.
example
european carp,
rabbits,
feral cats,
pigs
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7
Q

How does feral organisms do well

A

because they are frequently introduced without their natural enemies which keep there numbers in check in the countries from which they have been introduced.

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8
Q

What is the guard against the inroduction of new pests into Australia

A

AQIS

Australian Quarantine Inspection Service

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9
Q

Biological Control

A

Using living species to control the numbers of pest species
eg:
using myxoma virus and Calici virus to control rabbit numbers

> agent of biological control must be specific to the pest species

an example of biological control gone wrong would be using cone toads to control insecr pests in sugar cane; they have poisoned many native animals that have been eating them

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10
Q

Pesticides

A

Chemicals used to kill pests. pesticides have allowed an increase in food production, reduced loses of food in storage and reduced the amount of disease and suffering the disease caused

D.D.T proven effective.

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11
Q

Biodiversity

A

biodiversity refers to the variety of life thatt exists in an ecosystem

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12
Q

Captive Breeding

A

species are bred in incaptivity and released into the wild

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13
Q

biodiversity more notes

A

living species depends on one another in an ecosystem to survive. Domino effect> not having food> starving>extinction

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14
Q

Natural Disasters

A

Cyclone, Bushfires,floods, and droughta

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15
Q

economic developtment must be done on a ________ basis so that the preserve environments for future generations`

A

sustainable

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16
Q

distribution

A

scatters of things

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17
Q

abundance

A

the number of given species

plant abundance-use random quadrants
animal abundance-use capture, recapture methods

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18
Q

Waves Carry ____

A

Energy

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19
Q

Energy is carried by _____

A

Waves

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20
Q

Two main types of waves

A

1) Longtitudinal waves(compression waves)- particles move backward and forward the same as the wave. eg sound
2) transverse waves particles move at right angles to the direction of the wave. eg: electro-magnetic radiation such as light+water waves

21
Q

particles move at right angles to the direction of the wave. eg: electro-magnetic radiation such as light+water waves

A

Transverse Waves

22
Q

particles move backward and forward the same as the wave. eg sound

A

Longtitudinal waves(compression waves)

23
Q

When an object vibrates it produces

A

sound waves

24
Q

Quicker Vibration

A

Higher Pitch sounds

25
Q

Bigger Vibration

A

Louder Sounds

26
Q

More information about sound waves

A

sounds needs molecules present in order to be transmitted

Sounds travels by compressions or longtitudinal waves

27
Q

Reflected sounds

A

Echoes

28
Q

Music

A

Sounds have the regular patter;sounds are pleasant and peaceful

29
Q

noise

A

has no pattern; it is not pleasant to listen to

30
Q

uses of sound

A

ultrasound-high pitch sound waves used to study internal body structures

produced echoes(echolation) are used by some animals such as bats to help them navigate

speed of sound in air is 340m/sec or 1220km/hr

31
Q

Electromagnetic radiation travels by

A

transverese waves

32
Q

short wavelength

A

high frequency

33
Q

long wavelength

A

low frequency

34
Q

electromagnetic radiation

A 
short wavelength/high freq 
--
gamma rays
x rays
u.v
light
infra-red
micro-waves
radio waves
--
long wavelength/low frequency

all travels in a straight line
all travels in a speed of light
300,000 km/sec

35
Q

Mirrors

A

Reflect light

1) concave
2) convex
3) flat

36
Q

concave mirrors

A

reflect light rays to a focus

37
Q

convex mirrors

A

reflected rays spread further apart

38
Q

Lenses

A

retract (bend) light that passes through them

39
Q

concave lens

A

bend light rays apart

40
Q

conves lens

A

retracts light rays to a point(focus)

41
Q

examples that contain convex lens

A

camera telescope overhead projector

42
Q

white light is consist of

A

the colours of the spectrum mixed all together

ROYGBIV

43
Q

Spectrum

Property is called

A

Dispersion

44
Q

Primary colours

A

Red Green Blue

45
Q

Red objects

A

absorbs red light and absorbs other colours

46
Q

white ….

A

reflects all colour absorbs none

47
Q

black

A

absorbs all colours, reflects none

48
Q

cone cells(nerve cells)

A

in the retina of the eye detect colours

9 Science (5 decks)

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